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1、FORENSICPATHOLOGYTOXICOLOGYTOXICOLOGYThethree“curses”ofmankind:alcohol,morphineandcocaineTOXICOLOGYForensicToxicologyThestudyandpracticeoftheapplicationoftoxicologytothepurposesoflaw.IdentificationandquantificationofDrugsPoisonTOXICOLOGYCollectionofBodyFluidsBloodVitreoushumorUrineTOXICOLOGYCol
2、lectionofTissuesKidneysLiverBileMuscleThighHairandNailsTOXICOLOGYCollectionofInsectsMaggotsBarbituratesBenzodiazepinesOpiatesCocaineTOXICOLOGYAnalysisSeparationfrombiologicalsubstancePurificationofdrugbyextractionDetectionandquantitationGC-MassSpectrometerGaschromatographHighPerformanceLiquidCh
3、romatography(HPLC)ImmunoassayUVspectrophotometerTOXICOLOGYApositiveIDwithanybutGC-Massspectrometercannotconfirmanalysisoftypeofdrug.TOXICOLOGYToxicologyScreens1stScreenLowerAlcoholsAcetone,isopropylalcohol,n-propylalcohol,ethylalcoholandmethylalcoholTOXICOLOGYToxicologyScreens2ndScreenAcidicand
4、NeutralBarbiturates,salicylateTOXICOLOGYToxicologyScreen3rdScreenBasicTranquilizers,syntheticnarcotics(ecstasy),antihistamines,antidepressants,localanestheticsTOXICOLOGYToxicologyScreen4thScreenNarcoticsOpiates,cocaineandmethadoneTOXICOLOGYDeathsMostcommonlyabuseddruginUS=alcohol30,000people/ye
5、ardieofchronicliverdiseaseCauseof50%ofallMVATOXICOLOGYDeathsMarijuanais#2Heroinandcocaineare#3TOXICOLOGYEthylAlcoholProof–Twicethepercentageofalcoholcontentinadrink80proof=40%alcoholTOXICOLOGYEthylAlcoholBeer–3.2to4%Tablewine–7to14%Whiskey–40to75%Vodka–40to50%Gin–40to85%Rum–40to95%TOXICOLOGYEth
6、ylAlcoholMetabolizedinlivertoAcetylaldehydeAceticAcidCarbonDioxideTOXICOLOGYEthylAlcohol.08Impairmentofreactionresponses,visualacuityandcoordination0.1-0.2Increasingimpairmentofreactiontimes,drowsiness,staggeringandslurredspeechTOXICOLOGYEthylAlcohol0.40+Unconsciousness,coma,deathTOXICOLOGYMeth
7、yl(Wood)AlcoholWeakness,nausea,vomiting,headacheandcyanosisPermanentblindnessIsopropylAlcoholCNSdepressantDiabeticketoacidosisAcetonetoisopropylalcoholTOXICOLOGYEthyleneGlycolAntifreezeCNSdepressionandacuterenalfailureNausea,vomit
