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1、成人英语学士学位英语统一考试2009.04.18 PartIReadingComprehension（30%） Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSh
2、eet. Passage1 Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage: （76）Muchunfriendlyfeelingtowardscomputershasbeenbasedonthefearofwidespreadunemploymentresultingfromtheirintroduction.Computersareoftenusedaspartofautomatedproductionsystemsrequiringaleastpossiblenumberofoperators,causingth
3、elossofmanyjobs.Thishashappened,forexample,inmanysteelworks. Ontheotherhand,computersdocreatejobs.Theyaremoreskilledandbetterpaid,thoughfewerinnumberthanthosetheyreplace.Manyactivitiescouldnotcontinueintheirpresentformwithoutcomputers,nomatterhowmanypeopleareemployed.Examplesarethe
4、checkclearingsystemofmajorbanksandtheweatherforecastingsystem. Whenafirmintroducescomputers,afewpeopleareusuallyemployedinkeyposts（suchasjobsofoperationsmanagers）whileotherstaffarere-trainedasoperators,programmers,anddatapreparationstaff.（77）Afterthenewsystemhassettleddownpeopleinn
5、on-computerjobsarenotalwaysreplacedwhentheyleave,resultinginadecreaseinthenumberofemployees.Thisdecreaseissometimesbalancedbyasubstantialincreaseintheactivityofthefirm,resultingfromtheintroductionofcomputers. Theattitudesofworkerstowardscomputersvary.Thereisfearofwidespreadunemploy
6、mentandofthetakeoverofmanyjobsbycomputer-trainedworkers,makingpromotionforolderworkersnotskilledincomputersmoredifficult. Ontheotherhand,manyworkersregardthetrendtowardwideruseofcomputersinevitable.Theyrealizethatcomputersbringaboutgreaterefficiencyandproductivity,whichwillimprovet
7、heconditionofthewholeeconomy,andleadtothecreationofmorejobs.ThisviewwassupportedbytheformerBritishPrimeMinister,JamesCallaghanin1979,whenhemadethepointthatnewtechnologiesholdthekeytoincreasedproductivity,whichwillbenefittheeconomyinthelongrun. 1.Theunfriendlyfeelingtowardscomputers
8、isdevelopedfrom
