00832english lexicology（英语词汇学）复习资料

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1、甘肃考试网【 www.Stegs.netwww.BceR.cn】 QQ交流群:35167222各类考试历年试题答案免费直接下载00832EnglishLexicology(英语词汇学)复习资料教材购买：http://www.stegs.net/so.html1.EnglishlexicologyaimsatinvestigatingandstudyingthemorphologicalstructuresofEnglishwordsandwordequivalents,theirsemanticstructures,rela

2、tions,historicaldevelopment,formationandusages.英语词汇学旨在调查和研究英语单词和单词的等价物的形态结构,其语义结构、关系、历史发展、形成和用法。2.EnglishLexicologyiscorrelatedwithsuchlinguisticdisciplinesasmorphology(形态学),semantics(语义学),etymology(词源学),stylistics（文体论）andlexicography(词典学)Chapter1--Basicconceptsofw

3、ordsandvocabulary1.Word（词的定义）:Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensoundandmeaningandsyntacticfunction.(1)aminimalfreeformofalanguage(2)asoundunity(3)aunitofmeaning(4)aformthatcanfunctionaloneinasentence词语是语言最小的自由形式，拥有固定的声音和意义以及句法作用。2.Soundandmeaning（声音与意

4、义）:almostarbitrary,“nologicalrelationshipbetweenthesoundwhichstandsforathingoranideaandtheactualthingandideaitself”3.Soundandform（读音和形式）:不统一的四个原因（1）theEnglishalphabetwasadoptedfromtheRomans,whichdoesnothaveaseparatelettertorepresenteachother（2）thepronunciationhasch

5、angedmorerapidlythanspellingovertheyears（3）someofthedifferencewerecreatedbytheearlyscribes（4）theborrowingsisanimportantchannelofenrichingtheEnglishvocabulary（5）printing、standardization、dictionary—OldEnglish,Thespeechofthetimewasrepresentedverymuchmorefaithfullyinwr

6、itingthanitistoday.古代英语中的口语比今天更忠实的代表书面语—ThewrittenformofEnglishisanimperfectrepresentationofthespokenform。英语的书写是发音形式不完善的代表4.Whatisvocabulary？（1）Totalnumberofthewordsinalanguage一个语言的单词综合（2）Wordsusedinaparticularhistoricalperiod特殊历史时期使用的单词（3）Allthewordsofadialect，abo

7、ok，adiscipline...某个方言，书籍，学科中的所有单词5.ClassificationofEnglishWords：Byusefrequency:basicwordstock&nonbasicvocabularyBynotion:contentwords&functionalwordsByorigin:nativewords&borrowedwords6.Thebasicwordstock（基本词汇）:isthefoundationofthevocabularyaccumulatedovercenturiesan

8、dformsthecommoncoreofthelanguage.ThoughitconstituteasmallpercentageoftheEV,itisthemostimportantpartofvocabulary.基础词是几世纪积累的词汇的基础，构成语言的核心。尽管基础词占英语词