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1、One12018届天津市南开中学高三英语模拟考试试题】第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分,满分50分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B.C、D四个选项中,选出最佳答案。CAsArtificialIntelligence(AI,人工智能)becomesincreasinglysophisticated,therearegrowingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreat.Thisdangercanbeavoided,accordingtocompute
2、rscienceprofessorStuartRussell,ifwefigureouthowtoturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode・Russellarguesthatasrobotstakeonmorecomplicatedtasks,it'snecessarytotranslateourmorals(道德准则)intoAllanguage.Forexample,ifarobotdoeschoresaroundthehouse,youwouldn'twan
3、tittoputthepetcatintheoventomakedinnerforthehungrychildren・"Youwouldwantthatrobotpreloadedwithagoodsetofvalues/1saidRusse11.Somerobotsarealreadyprogrammedwithbasichumanvalues.Forexample,mobilerobotshavebeenprogrammedtokeepacomfortabledistancefromhuma
4、ns.Obviouslythereareculturaldifferences,butifyouweretalkingtoanotherpersonandtheycameupcloseinyourpersonalspace,youwouldn'tthinkthat'sthekindofthingaproperlybrought-uppersonwoulddo.Itwillbepossibletocreatemoresophisticatedmoralmachines,ifonlywecanfin
5、dawaytosetouthumanvaluesasclearrules.Robotscouldalsolearnvaluesfromdrawingpatternsfromlargesetsofdataonhumanbehavior.Theyaredangerousonlyifprogrammersarecareless.Thebiggestconcernwithrobotsgoingagainsthumanvaluesisthathumanbeingsfailtodosufficienttes
6、tingandthey'veproducedasystemthatwillbreaksomekindoftaboo(禁忌).Onesimplecheckwouldbetoprogramarobottocheckthecorrectcourseofactionwithahumanwhenpresentedwithanunusualsituation.Iftherobotisunsurewhetherananimalissuitableforthemicrowave,ithastheopportun
7、itytostop,sendoutbeeps,andaskfordirectionsfromahuman.Ifwehumansarerftquitesureaboutadecision,wegoandasksomebodyelse.Themostdifficultstepinprogrammingvalueswillbedecidingexactlywhatwebelieveinmoral,andhowtocreateasetofethicalrules.Butifwecomeupwithana
8、nswer,robotscouldbegoodforhumanity.46.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthethreatofrobots?A.Itmaybeachallengetocomputerprogrammers.B.Ilaccompaniesallmachineryinvolvinghightechnology.C・Itcanbeavoidedifhumanvaluesaretranslatedintotheirlanguage・D.Ithasbecomeanun