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时间:2019-03-25
《2定语的认识与应用》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、走进定语定语是对某个词进行限定修饰的成分。比如alazyboy中lazy是对男孩的限制,说明这个男孩不是其他类型的而是懒惰的。所以我们可以说lazy是boy的定语。类似的还有amadlady(一个发疯的妇人)、anexcitingtrip(一次激动人心的旅行)。从上可以看出,定语就好像一个形容词。然而有时候我们并不能用一个简单的形容词表达出一个复杂的事情。那么这个时候我们就会采用一句话来对一个词就行表达,如中文中“一个站在树下的男孩”这里就不能用一个简单的形容词就行表达,我们则采用定语从句进行表
2、达,定语从句也被叫做形容词从句,翻译成“…•…的”。观察下如下句子1.1don'tlikethepeoplewhoarelazy.2.1don'tlikethepeoplewhoareneverontime.3.1don'tlikethepeoplewhoneverkeeptheirwords.1)了解定语从句屮两个重要概念,即先行词和关系词。先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词,如上面例句中的thepeopleo关系词:重复替代先行词,并且连接主句与定语从句。理解主句与从句:上面例句中的主句为
3、Idon^likethepeople,即为独立句子,在没有后而的定语从句的时候也是个完整的句子。而后而who引导的则是从句。2)关系代词的用法引导人的先行词:whowhom引导事物的先行词:which指人指物均可:thatwhose3)定语从句的形成首先观察下列例句l.Thewomanisafamousdancerandshelivesnextdooi*.Thewomanisafamousdancerwholivesnextdoor.2.1likethemusic,themusicisveryn
4、ice.Ilikethemusicwhichisverynice.3.Thesechildrensitinaschoolroomjtswindowsarebroken•Thesechildrensitinaschoolroomwhosewindowsarebroken.4)只能用that作为连接词的情况1・当先行词即有人又有物时,用thatoThewriterandhisnovelsthatthenewspaperreportedarequitefamiliartous.2•当先行词为不定代词s
5、omething>anythingnothingeverything这类是,用that.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?ImissedsomethingthatIreallywant3•当先行词被序数词、最高级、或者唯一词(如theonly、theone>thelast)等修饰时,用that.Theonlythingthatweshoulddoistofindourwayhome.ThefirstthingthatIcanthinkisrun.练习:Heisthe
6、onlymancanspeak4foreignlanguagesinourcompany.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom练习一下,把下列句子合为定语从句。1.Thegirlishappy,Shewontherace.2.ThestudentisfromCanada,Hesitsnexttome.3.Theboywasnotbadlyhurt.Theboyfellfromatree.4.Thetaxidriverwasfriendly,Hetookmetotheairport.5
7、.Theteacherspoketotheboys^Theirworkwasbelowstandard.5)用when做连接词的情况用when做连接词引导定语从句时,先行词为一个时间词。如1.P11neverforgetthedaywhenImeetyou.2.That,sthehappytimewhenIplaybasketballwithTom.注意:当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,则要用which或者that引导Fllneverforgetthedaywhich/thatIspentwith
8、you.(注意本句中缺少spent的宾语,即spentwhichwithyou)6)用where做连接词的情况用where做连接词引导定语从句时,先行词为一个地点词。如l.DoyouknowanyplacewhereIcanbuythebook?2.IT1neverforgetthehousewhereIspentmychildhood.注意:当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,则要用which或that引导Fllneverforgetthehousewhich/thatIusedtolivein•(
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