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1、Literatureterms1Epic:alongnarrativepoemtellingaboutthedeedsofagreatheroandreflectingthevaluesofthesocietyfromwhichitoriginated.Manyepicsweredrawnfromanoraltraditionandweretransmittedbysongandrecitationbeforetheywerewrittendown.(史诗)2Romance:Itwasalongcomposition,sometimesinverse,
2、sometimesinprose,describingthelifeandadventuresofanoblehero.(传奇文学)3HeroicCouplet:therhymedcoupletofiambicpentameter.(英雄双韵体)4IambicPentameter:isthemostcommonEnglishmeter,inwhicheachfootcontainsanunaccentedsyllableandanaccentedsyllable.(五音步抑扬格)meter格律foot音步5ballad:isastorytoldinso
3、ng,usuallyin4-linestanzas,withthesecondandfourthlinesrhymed.(歌谣)6Sonnet:Itisalyricpoemof14lines,usuallyiniambicpentameter,restrictedtoadefiniterhymescheme.(十四行诗)7Blankverse:isatypeofpoetry,distinguishedbyhavingaregularmeter,butnorhyme.(无韵诗)8Soliloquy:anutteranceordiscoursebyaper
4、sonwhoistalkingtohimself/herselforisdisregardfuloforoblivioustoanyhearerspresent(oftenusedasadeviceinadramatodiscloseacharacter’sinnermostthoughts);2.theactoftalkingwhileorasifalone(独白)9Classicism:Aestheticattitudesandprinciplesmanifestedintheart,architecture,andliteratureofanci
5、entGreeceandRomeandcharacterizedbyemphasisonform,simplicity,proportion,andrestraint.Classicismwas27popularinEuropeinthe18thcentury.(古典主义)10Neo-classicism:neo-classicismimitatedthecharacteristicsofRomanwriters,includingHorace,Virgil,Cicero,etc.,inthedaysofAugustus.Theytriedtomake
6、EnglishliteratureconformtorulesandprinciplesestablishedbythegreatRomanandGreekclassicalwriters.Inwritingplays,theyusedrhymeandcoupletinsteadofblankverse,observedthetrinity---theunityoftime,placeandaction.(新古典主义)11Anepistolarynovelisanovelwrittenasaseriesofdocuments.Theusualformi
7、sletters,althoughdiaryentries,newspaperclippingsandotherdocumentsaresometimesused.(书信体小说)12SentimentalismisoneoftheimportanttrendsinEnglishliteratureofthemiddleandlaterdecadesofthe18thcentury.Itjustlycriticizedthecrueltyofthecapitalistrelationsandthegrosssocialinjusticesbroughta
8、boutbythebourgeoisrevolutions.Itembracesapessim