大学英语语言学练习题(考试必考题)

大学英语语言学练习题(考试必考题)

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1、--WORD格式--可编辑--专业资料-----I.Directions:Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly.1.Clear[1]anddark[?]areallophonesofthesameonephoneme/1/.Theynevertakethesamepositioninsoundcombinations,thustheyare

2、saidtobeincomplementarydistribution.(P24)2.Morphologyisthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.(P32)3.Consonantsoundscanbeeithervoicelessorvoiced,whileallvowelsoundsarevoiced.(P16)4.Inmakingconversation,thegeneralprinciplethatallparticipantsareexpectedtoobserveiscalledtheCooperativeprinci

3、pleproposedbyJ.Grice.(P86-87)5.Languageexistsintimeandchangesthroughtime.Thedescriptionofalanguageatsomepointoftimeiscalledasynchronicstudyoflanguage.(P4)6.Anessentialdifferencebetweenconsonantsandvowelsiswhethertheaircomingupfromthelungsmeetswithanyobstructionwhenasoundisproduced.(P1

4、8)7.XPmaycontainmorethanjustX.Forexample,theNP“theboywholikesthispuppy”consistsofDet,NandS,withDetbeingthespecifier,NtheheadandSthecomplement.(P46)9.Whilethemeaningofasentenceisabstractanddecontextualized,thatofanutteranceisconcreteandcontext-dependent.(P70)11.Psycholinguisticsrelates

5、thestudyoflanguagetopsychology.Itaimstoanswersuchquestionsashowthehumanmindworkswhenpeopleuselanguage.(P70)12.Adiachronicstudyoflanguageisahistoricalstudy,itstudiesthehistoricaldevelopmentoflanguageoveraperiodoftime.(P70)13.Languageisasystem,whichconsistsoftwosetsofstructures,ortwolev

6、els.Atthelowerlevel,thereisastructureofmeaninglesssounds,whichcanbecombinedintoalargenumberofmeaningfulunitsatthehigherlevel.Thisdesignfeatureiscalledduality.(P70)14.Thearticulatoryapparatusofahumanbeingiscontainedinthreeimportantareas:thepharyngealcavity,theoralcavityandthenasalcavit

7、y.(P15)16.Suprasegmentalfeaturessuchasstress,toneandintonationcaninfluencetheinterpretationofmeaning.(P70)18.Homonymyreferstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningsareidenticalinsoundorspelling,orinboth.(P70)19.Thethreebranchesofphoneticsarelabeledasarticulatoryphonetics,auditor

8、yphon

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