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1、Unit2Theenvironment一、阅读理解。Oneofthemainchallengesfacingmanycountriesishowtomaintaintheiridentityinthefaceofglobalizationandthegrowingmulti-languagetrend.＂OneofthemainreasonsforeconomicfailureinmanyAfricancountriesisthefactthat,withafewimportantexceptions,mother-tongu
2、eeducationisnotpracticedinanyoftheindependentAfricanstates.＂saidNevilleAlexander,DirectoroftheProjectfortheStudyofAlternativeEducationinSouthAfricaattheUniversityofCapeTown.InresponsetothespreadofEnglishandtheincreasedmulti-languagetrendsarisingfromimmigration,manyc
3、ountrieshaveintroducedlanguagelawsinthelastdecade.Insome,theuseoflanguagesotherthanthenationallanguageisbannedinpublicspacessuchasadvertisingposters.Oneofthefirstsuchlegalprovisions(规定)wasthe1994＂Toubonlaw＂inFrance,andtheideahasbeencopiedinmanycountriessincethen.Suc
4、heffortstogovernlanguageuseareoftenconsideredasfutilebylanguageexperts,whoarewellawareofthedifficultyincontrollingfashionsinspeechandknowfromresearchthatlanguageswitchingamongbilingualsisanaturalprocess.ItisespeciallydifficultfornativespeakersofEnglishtounderstandth
5、edesiretomaintainthe＂purity＂ofalanguagebylaw.SincethetimeofShakespeare,Englishhascontinuallyabsorbedforeignwordsintoitsownlanguage.Englishisoneofthemostmixedandrapidlychanginglanguagesintheworld,butthathasnotbeenabarriertoacquiringsuperiorityandpower.Anotherreasonfo
6、rthefailureofmanynativeEnglishspeakerstounderstandtheroleofthestateregulationisthatithasneverbeentheAnglo-Saxonwayofdoingthings.Englishhasneverhadastate-controlledauthorityforthelanguage,similar,forexample,totheAcademicFrancaiseinFrance.Theneedtoprotectnationallangu
7、agesis,formostwesternEuropeans,arecentphenomenon-especiallytheneedtoensurethatEnglishdoesnotunnecessarilytakeovertoomanyfields.Publiccommunication,educationandnewwaysofcommunicationpromotedbytechnology,maybekeyfieldstodefend.1.NevilleAlexanderbelievesthat__________.
8、12A.mother-tongueeducationisnotpracticedinallAfricancountriesB.globalizationhasresultedintheeconomicfailureofAfricaC.globalizationhasledto
