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1、考点3阅读理解一、科普知识类(2014·重庆卷·C)话题:生活 词数:259w 难度:★★★★ Theideaofbeingabletowalkonwaterhaslonginterestedhumansgreatly.Sadly,biologicalfactspreventuseveraccomplishingsuchathingwithoutartificialaid—wesimplyweightoomuch,andallourmasspushesdownthroughourrelativelysmallfeet,resultingin
2、alotofpressurethatmakesussink. However,severaltypesofanimalscanwalkonwater.OneofthemostinterestingisthecommonbasiliskBasilicusbasilicus,alizard(蜥蜴)nativetoCentralandSouthAmerica.Itcanrunacrosswaterforadistanceofseveralmeters,avoidinggettingwetbyrapidlyhittingthewater’ssurfa
3、cewithitsfeet.Thelizardwilltakeasmanyas20stepspersecondtokeepmovingforward.Forhumanstodothis,we’dneedhugefeetthatwecouldbringuptoourearsinordertocreateadequate“hitting”. Butfortunatelythereisanalternative:cornflour.Byaddingenoughofthiscommonthickeningagenttowater(anditdoest
4、akealot),youcancreatea“non-Newtonian”liquidthatdoesn’tbehavelikenormalwater.Now,ifthesurfaceofthewaterishithardenough,particles(粒子)inthewatergrouptogetherforamomenttomakethesurfacehard.Movequicklyenoughandputenoughforceintoeachstep,andyoureallycanwalkacrossthesurfaceofanadeq
5、uatelythickliquidofcornflour. Funthoughallthismaysound,it’sstillrathermessyandbetterreadaboutintheorythancarriedoutinpractice.Ifyoumustdoit,thenkeepthewaterwingshandyincaseyoustarttosink—andtakeashowerafterward!【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。水上行走虽然非常有趣,从理论来说是可能的,但在实践中是不切实际的,这主要是由人体的局限性造成的。
6、44.Walkingonwaterhasn’tbecomearealitymainlybecausehumans .A.arenotinterestedinitB.havebiologicallimitations153C.havenotinventedpropertoolsD.areafraidtomakeanattempt【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的Sadly,biologicalfactspreventuseveraccomplishingsuchathing...可知,水上行走不能实现是由人体的局限性造成的。45.Wha
7、tdoweknowaboutBasilicusbasilicusfromthepassage?A.Itislightenoughtowalkonwater.B.Itshugefeetenableittostayabovewater.C.Itcanrunacrosswateratacertainspeed.D.Itsuniqueskinkeepsitfromgettingwetinwater.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的Itcanrunacrosswater...willtakeasmanyas20stepspersecondtoke
8、epmovingforward.可知,Basilicusbasilicus可以以一定的速度在水上跑。46.Whatisthefunctionofthe
