SEX WORKERS PART OF THE性工作者：一部分 解决方案

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1、SEXWORKERS:PARTOFTHESOLUTIONAnanalysisofHIVpreventionprogrammingtopreventHIVtransmissionduringcommercialsexindevelopingcountriesCherylOvers.2002CONTENTSDefinitions3Summary4CommercialSexandHIV5HIVepidemicsTheroleofsexworkResearchgapsRatesofinfection–womensexworkersRatesofinfection–menand

2、transgenderedsexworkersRatesofinfection–clientsAParadigmShift9AnewconceptualuniverseStrategies11Individual/cognitiveinterventionsParticipationandempowermentEnablingenvironmentOperationalisingIssuesarisingImpactonthecommunityChallenges23GenderMigrationandmobilityDruguseOtherfactorsLinkin

3、gpreventionandcareInformalcommercialsexReplicationandExpansion34ParticipatorySiteAssessmentParticipatoryResearchandActionPrioritiesandPolicies36WorkingwithgovernmentsNetworkingandparticipationFootnotes38Bibliography401DEFINITIONSCommercialsexistheexchangeofmoneyorgoodsforsexualservices.

4、Italwaysinvolvesasexworkerandaclientanditfrequentlyalsoinvolvesathirdparty.Sexworkistheprovisionofsexualservicesformoneyorgoods.Sexworkersarewomen,menandtransgenderedpeoplewhoreceivemoneyorgoodsinexchangeforsexualservices,andwhoconsciouslydefinethoseactivitiesasincomegeneratingevenifthe

5、ydonotconsidersexworkastheiroccupation.Thewords“women”,“men”and“people”inthisdocumentincludesexuallyactiveadolescents.Childrenwhohavenotreachedtheageofpubertymayalsoengageinsexworkbuttheyarenotthefocusofthisdocument.Clientsarepeople(usuallymen)whopaywithcashorotherresourcesforsexualserv

6、iceseitherexplicitlyorwithinanagreedpackagethatincludesotherservicessuchasentertainmentordomesticservice.Transgenderdescribespeoplewitharangeofidentitiesandbehaviours,includingbothtransvestismandtranssexualism.Transgenderidentities,behaviours,legalstatusandphysicalstatesvaryindifferentc

7、ulturesandplaces.Forthepurposesofdiscussionofpublichealthissues,transgenderisageneraltermforpeoplewhoseself–identitycrossesgender.Thirdpartiesarepeoplewhoplayancillaryrolesincommercialsex.Theseincludearrangingmeetingsbetweensexworkersandclientsand/orprovidingresourcesandservice