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1、AlternatioelvlodernitiesandEtbnograpbicCosmopolitanismAcentralchallengeforcurrentanthropologyistostudythecosmopolitan(Rabinow1986)culturalformsofthecontemporaryworldwithoutlogi-callyorchronologicallypresupposingeithertheauthorityoftheVesternexperienceorth
2、emodelsderivedfromthatexperience.Itseemsimpossi-bletostudythesenervcosmopolitarrismsfruitfullywithoutanalyzingthetransnationalculturalflowswithinwhichtheythrive,compete,andfeedoffoneanotherinwaysthatdefeatandconfoundmanyveritiesofthehumansciencestoday.One
3、suchtruthconcernsthelinkbetweenspace,stability,andculturalreproduction.Thereisanurgentneedtofocusontheculturaldynamicsofwhatisnowcalleddeterritorialization.Thistermappliesnotonlytoobviousexamplessuchastransnationalcorporationsandmoneymarketsbutalsotoethni
4、cgroups,sectarianmovements,andGlobalEthnoscapes:Notesandeueriesforapoliticalformations,whichincreasinglyoperateinwaysthattranscendspecificterritorialboundariesandidentities.Deterritorialization(ofwhichIoffersomeethnographicprofilesinchap.2)affectstheloyal
5、tiesofTransnationalAnthropologygroups(especiall),inthecontextofcomplexdiasporas),theirtransna-tionalmanipulationofcurrenciesandotherformsofwealthandinvest-ment,andthestrategiesofstates.ThelooseningoftheholdsbetweenInchapter2,Iusethetermethnoscape.Thisneor
6、ogismhascertainambigui-people,wealth,andterritoriesfundamentallyaltersthebasisofculturaltiesdeliberatelybuiltintoit.Itrefers,first,tothedilemmasofperspecivereoroduction.andrepresentationthatallethnographersmustconfront,anditadmitsthatAtthesametime,deterri
7、torializationcreatesnewmarketsforfilmcom-(aswithlandscapesinvisualart)traditionsofperceptionandperspective,panies,impresarios,andtravelagencies,whichthriveontheneedoftheaswellasvariationsinthesituationoftheobserver,mayaffecttheprocessrelocatedpopulationfo
8、rcontactwithitshomeland.Butthehomelandisandproducrofrepresentation.ButIarsointendthistermtoindicatethatpartlyinvented,existingonlyintheimaginationofthedeterritorializedtherearesonrebrutefactsabouttheworldofthetr.r,e
