句子成分与五大基本句型

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1、句子成分MembersofaSentence一、重要性●学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配，就能写出完整、正确的句子。*句子成分由词或词组充当英语的基本成分有七种：_主__语__（___s_u_b_j_e_c_t_）__、____谓__语__（__p_r_e_d__i_c_a_t_e_）__、_表___语__（__p_r_e_d_i_c_a_t_i_v_e_）___、_宾__语__（__o_b_j_e_c_t_）___、____定__语__（__a_t_t_r_i__b_u

2、_t_e_）__、__状__语__(_a_d_v_e_r_b_i_a_l_)_____和__补__语__（__c_o_m_p_l_e_m_e__n_t_）__。____主语---动作的执行者或句子谈论的对象lunderlinethesubjectsofeachsentence.Wallshaveears.名词Helikesfootball.代词Threeplusfourequalsseven.数词Toseeistobelieve.todo不定式Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.doing动名词Whethertheywillcomeorn

3、otdependsontheweather.句子(主语从句)l谓语---说明主语“干什么”“是什么”l谓语由__动_词__/动__词_短__语___担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。TomlovesChineseculture.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.Ourschoolisverybeautiful.Thechancemaynevercomeagain.Maryhasbeenworkingatthedressshopsince2008.（四）宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在_动__词_（

4、__短__语__）_之后。_介__词__词后也会跟宾语。lFatherboughtmeabook.名词nlIloveyou.代词pronlDoyoumindopeningthewindow?动名词lGivemefourplease.代词和数词lHewantstodreamanicedream.todo不定式lWeneedknowwhatothersaredoing.lChuckrealizedthathewaswrong.句子(宾语从句)三表）语表--语-表它明的主位语置“在是__什__么__”__或__“__怎___之后。是么用样来”说明主语的___系__

5、动_词_,_、_连__系_动_,词______的.性质特征状态lMyfatherisaprofessor.名词nlWho'sthat?It'sme.代词pronlYouarebeautiful.形容词adjlThematchbecameveryexciting.adjlThreetimesfiveisfifteen.数词lToseeistobelieve.todo不定式lMyadvicewasthatyoushouldgolhomefirst.句子(表语从句)（五）定语是修饰_名_/_代词.单词作定语时通常放在名词之_前__；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰

6、的名词之__后___。lTheyarewomanworkers.名词名词所有格lTom'sfatherisateacher.lMaryisabeautifulgirl.形容词adj现在分词doinglChinaisadevelopingcountry.lIhavenothingtoeat.todo不定式lThemanwhohelpsusisournewteacher.从句(定语从句)六）状语表示行为发生的地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、伴随情况等。lwehavelessonsintheclassroom.地点lItellhimthisyesterd

7、ay.时间状语lI’mlatebecauseoftheheavyrain.原因lWecomeheretolearnEnglish.目的lTheparentsdiedintheearthquake,leavingthechildalone.结果状语lThestudentscameintothe伴随classroom,singinganddancing.lIfhegoes,sowillI.条件状语lThoughheisachild,heknowsalot.让步状语七）补足语。英语有些句子，有了主谓宾之外，还要加上（主语）宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。lWec

8、allthiscomputer.lWetrytoma