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1、浙江海洋学院毕业设计英文翻译ChilledWaterSystems[1]节选自JamesB.Bradfordetal.“HVACEquipmentandSystems”.HandbookofHeating,Ventilation,andAir-Conditioning.Ed.JanF.Kreider.BocaRaton,CRCPressLLC.2001Chilledwatersystemswereusedinlessthan4%ofcommercialbuildingsintheU.S.in1995.H
2、owever,becausechillersareusuallyinstalledinlargerbuildings,chillerscooledover28%oftheU.S.commercialbuildingfloorspacethatsameyear(DOE,1998).Fivetypesofchillersarecommonlyappliedtocommercialbuildings:reciprocating,screw,scroll,centrifugal,andabsorption.Th
3、efirstfourutilizethevaporcompressioncycletoproducechilledwater.Theydifferprimarilyinthetypeofcompressorused.Absorptionchillersutilizethermalenergy(typicallysteamorcombustionsource)inanabsorptioncyclewitheitheranammonia-waterorwater-lithiumbromidesolution
4、toproducechilledwater.OverallSystemFigure4.2.2showsasimplerepresentationofadualchillerapplicationwithallthemajorauxiliaryequipment.Anestimated86%ofchillersareappliedinmultiplechillerarrangementslikethatshowninthefigure(BitondoandTozzi,1999).Inchilledwate
5、rsystems,returnwaterfromthebuildingiscirculatedthrougheachchillerevaporatorwhereitiscooledtoanacceptabletemperature(typically4to7°C)(39to45°F).Thechilledwateristhendistributedtowater-to-airheatexchangersspreadthroughoutthefacility.Intheseheatexchangers,a
6、iriscooledanddehumidifiedbythecoldwater.Duringtheprocess,thechilledwaterincreasesintemperatureandmustbereturnedtothechiller(s).ThechillersshowninFigure4.2.2arewater-cooledchillers.Wateriscirculatedthroughthecondenserofeachchillerwhereitabsorbsheatenergyr
7、ejectedfromthehighpressurerefrigerant.Thewateristhenpumpedtoacoolingtowerwherethewateriscooledthroughanevaporationprocess.Coolingtowersaredescribedinalatersection.Chillerscanalsobeaircooled.Inthisconfiguration,thecondenserwouldbearefrigerant-to-airheatex
8、changerwithairabsorbingtheheatenergyrejectedbythehighpressurerefrigerant.Chillersnominallyrangeincapacitiesfrom30to18,000kW(8to5100ton).MostchillerssoldintheU.S.areelectricandutilizevaporcompressionrefrigerationtoproducech