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1、WritingandReadingPart1BasicskillsforwritingandreadingLet’slookamodelessayfirst:TheEdgeofExtinctionImagineaworldwithoutthewhale,tiger,panda,orelephant;ourplanetwithoutthewide-eyedlemurofMadagascar,thegentlemanateeoftheWestIndies,orthebeautifulliontamarinofBrazil;lifeonEar
2、thwithoutthousandsofthefascinatinginsects,repitles,amphibians,birds,fish,andmammalsthatnowinhabitit-someinfrighteninglysmallnumbers.ThefamousbiologistEdwardO.Wilsontellsusthat“three[species]perhouror27,000everyday”werebecomingextinctbytheearly1990s(Morgan137)andthattoday
3、,“speciesare…now…disappearing…athousandtimesfasterthantheyareborn,duetohumanactivity”(“Speciation”par.25).Clearly,itispossibleforhumanbeingstodestroyanimallifeonavastscale,forsuchisthecaseofmostnear-extinctions.Nowisthetimeforhumanstoreversethistrendbyfocusingonresearch,
4、breedingprogramsforendangeredspecies,andsafehabitsforanimalsinthewild,asanumberoforganizationsareattemptingtodoindifferentbutoverlappingways.(Hook,citeasource,themesentences)Anyactiontakentosaveendangeredspeciesmustbebasedonsolidresearch.Itisresearchthatinformsscientists
5、abouttheneeds,habits,biology,andenvironmentofanimalsinthewild,andtheresearch,inturn,thateducatesthepublicoftheneedtopreservespecies.AnorganizationcalledEarthwatchfundshundredsofresearchofprojects,suchasonelookinginto“theforagingactivitiesandsocialbehavior”ofcapuchinmonke
6、ysinVenezuela(PerneyandEmanoil,par.21).ThemarinebiologistwhobegantheEarthwatchprogramstostudyandsaveseaturtles,TundiAgardy,explainsthatalthoughthe“immediatebenefit”ofthevolunteers“istohelpagenerationofendangeredturtles…therealvalueisthatvolunteersthemselvesbecometheseedc
7、ornoftheconservationmovement,spreadingtheworldwhentheyreturnhome”(Lindenpar.6).(Topiconesentence,)Humanencroachmentintowhatusedtobewildernessmakesnaturalhabitatsincreasinglydangerousplacesforwildlife,necessitatingcaptivebreedingprogramstosavespeciesfromextinction.Thepion
8、eerofthisconceptwasGeraldDurrell,“theself-described’championoftheuglies,’”who“foundedJerseyZoologicalPa