语法专题 第一部分 专题2.docx

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1、专题2　非谓语动词考向1　作宾语或补足语Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequiredtoprocess(process)thefoodthatweeat，torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.(2017·全国Ⅰ)解析　requiresth./sb.todosth.需要某物/某人做某事，此处用其被动语态结构，所以填动词不定式toprocess作主语补足语。2.Fastfoodisfullof

2、fatandsalt；byeating(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.(2017·全国Ⅰ)解析　表示方式的介词by之后接动名词作宾语。3.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad，laying(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.(2017·全国Ⅱ)解析　included后的dig，lay，build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，

3、lay也应用动名词形式作included的宾语。4.ButSarah，whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels，wantstoprove(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.(2017·全国Ⅲ)解析　wanttodosth.想要做某事，动词不定式作want的宾语。5.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty，whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahou

4、sewithoutusing(use)electricequipment.(2015·全国Ⅱ)解析　介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Whensummercomes，theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthefreshvegetables！(2017·全国Ⅱ)解析　invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事。2.IshowedthemIwasindependentbystrangeclothes.(2016·全国Ⅲ)解析　此处用动名词作介词by的宾语。3.He

5、wouldaskwhowewereandpretendnottous.(2016·浙江)解析　pretend后面接不定式作宾语，这里是其否定式pretendnottodo，故把knowing改为know。4.Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandatrip.(2016·全国Ⅱ)解析　此处为between...and...结构，连接动名词短语作宾语，故此处也要用动名词形式，与前面保持一致。5.ThepositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademelikeIwasdreaming.(

6、2015·浙江)解析　make后跟复合宾语，当宾补为动词且与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系时，用动词原形。考向2　作主语或表语Ⅰ.单句语法填空Ittookyearsofworktoreduce(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)解析　句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，该句结构为Ittakes/took＋时间＋todosth.。Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Intheirsparetime，theyareinplantingvegetables

7、intheirgarden，whichisontherooftopoftheirhouse.(2017·全国Ⅱ)解析　interesting意为“有趣的”，多指事物；interested意为“感兴趣的”，多指人。该句的主语是they，故用interested作表语。beinterestedin意为“对……感兴趣”。2.teainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner，whichmightnotbeserveduntil8o’clockatnight.(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ

8、)解析　分析句式结构可知句子的主语应为Haveteainthelateafternoon这部分，动词原形不能作句子的主语，所以应该用动名词形式作主语。考向3　作定语单句语法填空1.Butmyc