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1、EcologicalModelling185(2005)165175CalculationsofexergyfororganismsSvenErikJørgensena,∗,NielsLadegaardb,MarkoDebeljakc,JoaoCarlosMarquesdaInstituteA,EnvironmentalChemistry,DFU,UniversityPark2,2100CopenhagenØ,DenmarkbLangkaerVaenge9,Vaerløse3500,DenmarkcDepartmento
2、fKnowledgeTechnologies,JosefStefanInstitute,Jamova39,SI1000,SloveniadDepartmentofZoology,FacultyofSciencesandTechnology,InstituteofMarineResearch,IMAR,UniversityofCoimbra,3004-517Coimbra,PortugalReceived8March2004;accepted29November2004AbstractExergyestimationsba
3、sedonbiomassandinformationfororganismscanwithgoodapproximationbefoundas:Ex=βc,wherecistheconcentrationofbiomassandβtheweightingfactor,thataccountsfortheinformationthattheorganismscarry[Jørgensen,S.E.,2002.IntegrationofEcosystemTheories:APattern,vol.432,3rded.Kluw
4、erAcademicPublishingCompany,Dordrecht,TheNetherlands].Thedeterminationofβforvariousorganismshasbeenbasedonthenumberofcodinggenes,butrecentresearchhasshownthatsomeofthenon-codinggenesarecrucialforthecontrol,maintenanceanddevelopmentoftheorganisms.Theresults[Eichle
5、r,E.E.,Sankoff,D.,2003.Structuraldynamicsofeukaryoticchromosomeevolution.Science301,793797.]ofongoingwhole-genomeprojectshavethereforebeappliedinordertoobtainmoreaccurateβ-values.Thesenewβ-valuesareseveraltimesbiggerthanthepreviouslyappliedvalues.Thenumberofamino
6、acidscodingpergenehasprobablybeenunderestimatedinthepreviouscalculations.However,applicationsoftheformervalues,forinstanceinecosystemhealthassessment,whereexergyisusedasecologicalindicator(referredasexergyindex)andinthedevelopmentofstructurallydynamicmodels,arest
7、illvalid.Becausetheexergycalculationswereappliedonlyasrelativemeasures.Thispaperpresentsseveralindirectmethodstodetermineβ-values.Itisshownthattheβ-valuesarewellcorrelatedtotheageoftheorganisms(mya),tothenumberofcelltypes,totheminimumDNA-content,totherationon-cod
8、inggenesversustotalnumberofgenes[Mattick,J.S.,2003.Challengingthedogma:thehiddenlayerofnon-protein-codingRNAsincomplexorganisms.Bioassays25,930939.]andtotheβ-v
