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1、INTRODUCTIONTOMICROBIOLOGY[Printthe2-pagesetoffiguresforuseinlab;that'saseparatelinkonthelabstudyassignment]Microbiology,asanareaofspecializationwithinbiology,usuallystressesthestudyofbacteria(bacteriology)andfungi(mycology).Thebacteria(singular,bacterium)usuallygetthemostattentionincourse
2、sinmicrobiology.Somepeopleincludeprotozoans,algae,and/orvirusesaswell.Yourstudyassignmentreferredyoutotherelevantmaterialinthetext. Inthisexerciseyouwilllearnsomebasictechniquesusedinstudyingbacteriainparticular. Mostoftheseskillsyoumasterbypractice;themorepracticethebetteryoubecomeatdoing
3、them. Mostpeopleinthiscoursewilllatertakeacourseinmicrobiology;thisintroductionwillbeuseful.Workingwithmicroorganismsrequiresmicroscopy,usinghighmagnifications.Therefore,youwilllearnhowtodooilimmersionmicroscopy.Therearetwoespeciallyimportantconsiderationsaboutworkinginamicrobiologylabthat
4、youmustalwayskeepinmind;bothoftheserequireyourconstantattention.1.Firstisthesafetyissue.a.Weareremindedoftenthatbacteriacausedisease:foodpoisoningbyE.colistrainO157:H7andSalmonella,antibioticresistanceofbacteriainhospitals,theflesh-eatingStreptococcus,theanthraxscareintheautumnof2001.Unlik
5、efamiliaranimalsandplants,whenbacteriaandfungiappear,demandingourattention,weusuallydon'tknowwhichone(s)wehaveathand. Therefore,asapracticalmatter,youmusttreatallofthemaspotentiallyinfectiousandharmfuluntilyouknowotherwise. Youwon'tworkwithanypathogens(disease-causingorganisms)here,butyoum
6、ustdevelopskillsandattitudestoprotectyourselfandothersaroundyou.So,handleeachspeciesasthoughitwereinfectious.b.Manytechniquesrequireuseofagas(oralcohol)burner,flammablesolvents(alcohols,e.g.),andpotentiallyharmfulchemicals(variousdyes/stains,e.g.).Thesemustbehandledproperly,andthatrequires
7、yourundividedattention.Youmustalsoalwaysbealerttopotentialcarelessnessbyotherpeopleworkingaroundyou.2.Second,propertechniqueandproceduresmustbeusedinorderforyoutoseeandlearnwhatyoushould.Identification,growth,isolation,andallotheraspectsofstudyingmicroorganism