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1、ISIJInternational,Vol.39(1999),No.9,pp.874-888ReviewTheInfluenceofMicrostructuralAspectsontheServiceBehaviourofAdvancedPowerPlantSteelsHorstCERJAK.PeterHOFERandBernhardSCHAFFERNAK[nstituteforMaterialsScience,WeldingandForming,TechnicalUniversityGraz,
2、Kopernikusgasse24,A801Graz,Austria,-OE-mail:cerjakCa)weld,tu-graz,ac.at(ReceivedonFebruary9.1999.•acceptedInfinalformonJune18.1999)Thereisaworld-widesubstantialdemandtoincreasetheapplicationtemperatureanddesignstressesofadvancedcreepresistantferritic
3、-martensitic9-12010Crsteelstoincreasetheefficiencyofthermalpowerplants.Theyshow,comparedtoaustenitegrades,favourablephysicalproperties-likegoodthermalconductivityandlowcoefficientofthermalexpansioncoupledwithbetterservicebehaviour,Intheframeworkofthe
4、EuropeanresearchactionCOST501intensiveinvestigationsofthesetypesofsteelswereperformed.Thesealloysshowduringserviceconditionspronouncedmicrostructuralchangesintheagedaswellasinthestressedconditions.Thereforeanextrapoiationofshorttermcreepteststolongti
5、mes-i,e.1OOkh-usingconventionalmethodsisnotsuccessfuibecauseofchangesintheactingcreepmechanismgovernedbymicrostructuraidevelopment.ThereforeanintensiveinvestigationandmodellingofthemicrostructureofW-andMo-alloyedadvanced9-120/0Crsteels,mainlyG-XI2CrM
6、OVWNbNI0-1-1,wasappliedtounderstandthemechanisms,Hardnesstests,opticalmicroscopy,SEM,TEMmethodsandthermodynamicequilibriumphasediagramcalculationswereperformed.VerypromisingistheuseoftheEFTEM(EnergyfilteringTEM)methodtoquantifytheprecipitationsequenc
7、eofthedifferenttypesofprecipitate:M23C6,MX,LavesPhaseandZ-Phaseasafunctionoftime,temperatureandstraining.Anewapproach("GrazModel")wasproposedfortheimprovementofthecreepresistantalioysintermsofthec(/y-transformationandtheCurietemperaturerespectively,w
8、hichinfluencethemicrostructuralstability,Bothwerefoundasimportantinfluencingfactors.Experimentallyitwasfound,thatthealloysshowingthehighestcreepresistancei.e.theJapanesegradeNF616/P92andthealloyB2,oneoftheCOST501activity,showthehighestdegreeofmicrost
