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ID:39941547
大小:764.50 KB
页数:43页
时间:2019-07-15
《初中英语零基础学语法--英语句子结构》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、英语句子结构基本成分附属成分独立成分省略成分连接成分简单句并列句复合句主语+系动词+表(S+LV+predicative)主语+不及物动词(S+Vi)主语+及物动词+宾语(S+Vt+O)主语+动词+间宾+直宾(S+Vt+O.indir+O.dir)主语+动词+宾语+补语(S+Vt.+O+O.compl)简单句的五种基本句型主语、动词(不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾补动词)、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成分,至多4个基本成分。主语谓语宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(间)宾语(直)Vt(及
2、物动词)系动词Vi(不及物动词)英语句子基本成分示意图be/feel/seem/lookappear/stand/liebecome/get/grow/turngo/come/remain/keeptaste/smelletc.1、主语+系动词+表语(主语补语)Sheishappy.2、主语+不及物动词Shecame./Myheadaches.3、主语+及物动词+宾语ShelikesEnglish.4、主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语SheboughtJohnabook./SheboughtabookforJohn.5、主
3、语+动词+宾语+补语Shemakeshermotherangry.Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.简单句基本句型实例㈠主语(subject)句子的主体,全句述说的对象,一般常置于句首。Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.Shewentoutinahurry.Fourplusfouriseight.Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisbadforhealth.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Whathehassaidistrue
4、.(名词)(代词)(数词)(不定式)(动名词)(名词化的形容词)(句子)找出句中主语Thesunrisesintheeast.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.Thepoorarenowlivingintheshelter.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.Helikesdancing.Whatheneedsisabook.Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(名词)(代词)(数词)(动
5、名词)(不定式)(句子)(名词化的形容词)(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)㈡谓语说明主语的动作、状态,常置于主语后简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.复合谓语:由情态动词或助动词+动词构成;HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shedoesn’tseemtolikedancingMyfatheriswatchingTVShowyourpassport,please.Shedidn'tsayanything.Ho
6、wmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.Theydecidedtoleavenow.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(名词)(代词)(数词)(名词化的形容词)(三)宾语动作的对象或承受者,常置于及物动词或介词后(不定式)(动名词)(句子)宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物或事,间接宾语指人或动物.Hegavemesomebooks.↓间接宾语↓直接宾语●pleasepassmethebo
7、ok.●Heboughthisgirlfriendsomeflowers.(四)表语表述主语的特征、身份、状态等,置于系动词后Myfatherisaboss.Thisbookismine.Timeisprecious.I’llbetwentynextyear.Thewarwasover.Idon’tfeelatease.(形容词)(代词)(名词)(数词)(副词)(介词短语)7.Theyseemtoknowthetruth.8.Hismainhobbyissmoking.9.Thisstoryisveryinteresti
8、ng.10.Nevertouchanelectricwirewhenitisbroken.11.Isthatwhyyouwereangry?(不定式)(现在分词/形容词)(动名词/名词)(过去分词/形容词)(从句)注:除了be系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,1)表感官的动词:2)表转变变化的动词:3)表延续的
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