《中文骨折概论》ppt课件

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1、GeneralConceptofFracture骨科概论WeimingLIAO(廖威明)Dr.Med.Ph.D.Prof.Dept.ofOrthopedicSurgeryFirstAffiliatedHospital,SunYatsenUniversity中山大学附属第一医院骨科Dept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMS学习要点KeypointsDefinitionoffrac.Andcausesoffracture骨折定义，骨折原因Classificationoffrac.骨折分类Stabilityoffracandfactorscausingdispla

2、cedfrac骨折稳定性，引起骨折移位的因素Factorsinfluencingboneunion(healing)影响骨折愈合的因素Dept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMSKeypointsSpecificsignsoffrac骨折特有体征Complicationoffrac骨折并发症Principleoffracturetreatment骨折治疗原则Emergenttreatmentforfrac骨折的急救处理Dept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMS骨折定义Definition骨折－－骨的连续性中段Afractureisabre

3、akinthecontinuityofabone.Dept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMS外力引起骨折ForcesfractureDirectviolence(直接暴力)Indirectviolence（间接暴力）Forcefulpullofmuscles（肌肉拉力引起撕脱骨折）Repeatedstress（重复应力引起疲劳骨折）-----causefatiguefractureBonedisease（骨病变引起病理骨折）-----pathologicalfracDept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMS直接暴力引起横断骨折，粉碎性

4、骨折DirectviolenceDept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMS直接暴力Directviolence间接暴力引起螺旋型骨折Indirectviolence(rotational)骨肿瘤容易并发病理骨折BonetumorDept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMS直接暴力Directforce间接暴力引起骨折和脱位Fracture&dislocationcausedbyIndirectviolence车祸CaraccidentDept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMS骨折分类：闭合/开放骨折Closed/op

5、enfracture根据骨折断端是否与皮肤或体腔相通，分为开放性和闭合性骨折Basedonwhetherthereiscommunicationbetweenfractureandskin(bodycavities)闭合骨折Closedfractures开放骨折Openfractures:伤口容易引致感染，因此，需要急诊手术处理伤口和骨折Dept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMSOpenfracDept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMSPatternsoffracture骨折类型Incompletefracture不全骨折Complet

6、efracture完全性骨折Dept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMS不全骨折Incompletefracture:partialbreakCrackfracture（裂纹骨折）Greenstickfracturesinchildren青枝骨折不完全性骨折容易引起漏诊Dept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMS.儿童的青枝骨折GreenstickfractureofdistaltibiaoccursinchildrenDept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMSCompletefracture完全性骨折大多数的骨折属于

7、完全性骨折CompletebreakoftheinjuredboneMostfracturesDept.Orthopedics,1stHospitalSUMS骨折类型Patternsoffracture根据骨折线、形状和程度可分为Basedonfractureline/shape/degrees:Transversefracture（横形）Oblique（斜形）Spiral（螺旋形）Comminuted(withmorethantwofragments）（splintered)（