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1、SystemicComputation:AModelofInteractingSystemswithNaturalCharacteristicsPeterJBentley11DepartmentofComputerScience,UniversityCollegeLondon,MaletPlace,LondonWC1E6BTp.bentley@cs.ucl.ac.ukAbstract.Naturalsystemsprovideuniqueexamplesofcomputationinaformverydif
2、ferentfromcontemporarycomputerarchitectures.Biologyalsodemonstratescapabilitiessuchasadaptation,self-repairandself-organisationthatarebecomingincreasinglydesirableforourtechnology.Toaddresstheseissuesanewcomputermodelandarchitecturewithnaturalcharacteristi
3、csispresented.SystemiccomputationisTuringComplete;itisdesignedtosupportbiologicalalgorithmssuchasneuralnetworks,evolutionaryalgorithmsandmodelsofdevelopment,andsharesthedesirablecapabilitiesofbiologynotfoundinconventionalarchitectures.Systemiccomputationma
4、yalsobeimplementedusingnaturalsystems,enablingthepotentialforfuturecomputationalanalysisandcontrolofbiology.Keywords:Systemics,bio-inspiredcomputation,unconventionalcomputation,novelcomputation.1IntroductionWhilethetheoryofcomputationiswellunderstoodthroug
5、htheconceptoftheUniversalTuringMachine(UTM)[1],practicalissuesofarchitectureremainproblematicalforcomputerscienceandcomputer-basedtechnologies.Foremostoftheseissuesis(i)theapparentdichotomybetweensystemsof“naturalcomputation”suchasthebrain,andcomputersyste
6、msbasedonclassicaldesignsand(ii)theneedtocontrolandenhancereliabilityofincreasinglycomplexsystems[2,3].Thisworkdescribesacomputerarchitecture,basedonamodelofcomputationinnaturalsystems,whichaddressesbothissues.Biologicalsystemsareofgreatinteresttocomputers
7、cienceasexamplesofhighlycomplexself-organisingsystemsthatperformtasksinparallelwithnocentralisedmethodofcontrol.Onereasonfortheincreasinginterestinbiologyistheprogressionofcomputertechnology.Computersarebecomingsmaller,cheaper,moreinterconnectedandubiquito
8、us[4],astheimpactoftheInternetgrowsyearbyyear.PredictionsofthelogicalextensiontotheInternet–wirelessdynamicnetworksofcomputersinalmosteverydevicearoundus–looksettobecomerealityinadecade[5].Advancessuchasspeck