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1、Complrers&srnlcnrnsvol.1I.PD.U-48PqamonPressLtd.,1980.PrintedinGreatBritainAGEOMETRICANDMATERIALNONLINEARPLATEANDSHELLELEMENTKLAUS-JURGENBATHEandSAIDBou>uRcHrtDepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,Cambridge,MA02139,U.S.A.(Received13June1979
2、)Abstract-Adisplacement-basedversatileandelktivefiniteclementispresentedforlinearandgeometricandmaterialnonlinearanalysisofplatesandshells.Theelementisformulatedbyinterpolatingtheelementgeometryusingthemid-surfacenodalpointcoordinatesandmid-surfacenodalpointnormals.Atota
3、landanupdatedLagrangianformulationarepresented,thatallowverylargedisplacementsandrotations.Inlinearanalysisofplates,theelementreduoretowell-establishedplatebendingelementsbasedonclassicalplatetheory,whereasinliiranalysisofshellsandgeometricallynonliianalysisofplatesandsh
4、ellsbyuseoftheclementinessence+averygeneralshelltheoryisemployed.Theelementhasbeenimplementedasavariable-number-nodeselementandcanalsobeemployedasafullycompatibletransitionelementtomodelshellintersectionsandshell-solidregions.Inthepapervarioussamplesolutionsarepresentedt
5、hatillustratetheeffectivenessoftheelementinpracticalanalysis.1.INTRODUCl’lONoffreedomareconsiderablylargerthanthoseTheanalysisofplateandshellstructuresisofcorrespondingtothelongitudinaldisplacements.considerableinterestinvariousareasofstructuralSecondly,errorsareintroduc
6、edintheanalysisbecausemechanics,Itis,therefon,naturalthatwiththeerroneousstrainenergycorrespondingtothenormaldevelopmentofthefiniteelementmethodalargestressesinthethicknessdirectionisincludedThesenumberofdifferentfiniteelementshavebeentwodifIicultiesareovercomeintheappro
7、achformulatedfortheanalysisofplateandshellproblems.introducedbyAhmadetal,becauseitisassumedthatInthesedevelopments,basicallytwoapproacheshavethenormaltotheshellsurfaceremainsstraightandbeenfollowed:firstly,whatmaybecalledaclassicaldoesnotextend,andthenormalstressesinthep
8、rocedureand,secondly,anapproachinwhichdirectionoftheshellthicknessareignoredinthedisplacement/rotationi