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1、LeCorbusierforaysintourbanismCT.LAKSHMANANB.Arch.,M.C.P.SRMSCHOOLOFARCHITECTURELeCorbusieroriginallyCharles-EdouardJeanneret1887-1965foundingfatherofthemodernistmovementCIAM1928(CongrèsInternationauxd'ArchitectureModerne).Attherequestofarichpatronofarchitects,MadameHélènedeMandrot(1867

2、–1948),in1928,SigfriedGiedionorganizedameetingofleadingModernarchitectsincludingBerlage,LeCorbusier,ElLissitzky,Rietveld,andStamTheorganizationwashugelyinfluential.ItwasnotonlyengagedinformalizingthearchitecturalprinciplesoftheModernMovement,butalsosawarchitectureasaneconomicandpolitic

3、altoolthatcouldbeusedtoimprovetheworldthroughthedesignofbuildingsandthroughurbanplanning.Itaffirmedthattownplanningistheorganizationsoffunctionsofcollectivelife–thisappliestobothruralandurbansettlementsfourfunctionsofanysettlementdwellingworkrecreationtransportation,whichconnects

4、thefirstthreewithoneanother.LeCorbusierorganizedinCIAM,AssemblyofConstructorsforanArchitecturalRenewal(ASCORAL)whichsystematicallystudiedtheproblemsofconstruction,architectureandcityplanning.Itresultedinthepublicationof‘TheThreeHumanEstablishments’.Theexaminationofworkingconditionsin

5、amechanisticsocietyledtotherecognitionoftheutilityandnecessityofthreeunitestablishmentsindispensableforhumanactivity:TheFarmingunit–thecooperativevillage:aunitforagriculturalproductionThelinearindustrialcityTheradioconcentriccity-sameasRadiantcity(VilleRadieuse)fortheexchangeofgoods

6、andservices.Backgroundofvillecontemporaine:philosophyofLecorbusierNomatterhowopenandgreen,citiesshouldbefranklyurban,urbansurroundingsaretobedefinitelycontrastingwithruralsurroundingsDensitiesareinthemselvesnotaproblem.Congestionandslumconditionsinthecitiesareduetoexcessivecoverage,p

7、ersistenceofoldstreetpatternsandunrestrictedlandspeculationSlumsexistbecauseofthefailuretoprovidethepropersurroundingforhighdensitylivingHeprotestsagainststrictfunctionalism:“Humancreationsthatsurvivearethosewhichproduceemotions,andnotthosewhichareonlyuseful”LAVILLECONTEMPORAINE(CO