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1、ParallelDatabaseSystems:TheFutureofHighPerformanceDatabaseProcessing1DavidJ.DeWitt2JimGrayComputerSciencesDepartmentSanFranciscoSystemsCenterUniversityofWisconsinDigitalEquipmentCorporation1210W.DaytonSt.455MarketSt.7’thfloorMadison,WI.53706SanFrancisco,CA.94
2、105-2403dewitt@cs.wisc.eduGray@SFbay.enet.dec.comJanuary1992Abstract:Paralleldatabasemachinearchitectureshaveevolvedfromtheuseofexotichardwaretoasoftwareparalleldataflowarchitecturebasedonconventionalshared-nothinghardware.Thesenewdesignsprovideimpressivespee
3、dupandscaleupwhenprocessingrelationaldatabasequeries.Thispaperreviewsthetechniquesusedbysuchsystems,andsurveyscurrentcommercialandresearchsystems.1.IntroductionHighlyparalleldatabasesystemsarebeginningtodisplacetraditionalmainframecomputersforthelargestdataba
4、seandtransactionprocessingtasks.Thesuccessofthesesystemsrefutesa1983paperpredictingthedemiseofdatabasemachines[BORA83].Tenyearsagothefutureofhighly-paralleldatabasemachinesseemedgloomy,eventotheirstaunchestadvocates.Mostdatabasemachineresearchhadfocusedonspec
5、ialized,oftentrendy,hardwaresuchasCCDmemories,bubblememories,head-per-trackdisks,andopticaldisks.Noneofthesetechnologiesfulfilledtheirpromises;sotherewasasensethatconventionalcpus,electronicRAM,andmoving-headmagneticdiskswoulddominatethesceneformanyyearstocom
6、e.Atthattime,diskthroughputwaspredictedtodoublewhileprocessorspeedswerepredictedtoincreasebymuchlargerfactors.Consequently,criticspredictedthatmulti-processorsystemswouldsoonbeI/OlimitedunlessasolutiontotheI/Obottleneckwerefound.Whilethesepredictionswerefairl
7、yaccurateaboutthefutureofhardware,thecriticswerecertainlywrongabouttheoverallfutureofparalleldatabasesystems.OverthelastdecadeTeradata,Tandem,andahostofstartupcompanieshavesuccessfullydevelopedandmarketedhighlyparalleldatabasemachines.1AppearedinCommunication
8、softheACM,Vol.36,No.6,June19922ThisresearchwaspartiallysupportedbytheDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgencyundercontractN00039-86-C-0578,bytheNationalScienceFoundationundergrantDCR-8512862
