The role of similarity in phonology Gallagher_G

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1、Lingua122(2012)107–111ContentslistsavailableatSciVerseScienceDirectLinguajournalhomepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/linguaIntroductionTheroleofsimilarityinphonologya,*,PeterGraffbGillianGallagheraDepartmentofLinguistics,NewYorkUniversity,10WashingtonPlace,NewYork,

2、NY10003,UnitedStatesbDepartmentofLinguisticsandPhilosophy,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,77MassachusettsAvenue,32-D808Cambridge,MA02139,UnitedStatesARTICLEINFOArticlehistory:Received27October2011Receivedinrevisedform7November2011Accepted8November2011Availab

3、leonline12December2011Whilesomenotionofsimilarityisfoundationaltomuchworkinphonology,therearemanyproposalsforhowtocomputethesimilarityofagivenpairofsounds,andhowexactlythegrammarreferencessimilarity.Moreover,thesamemeasureofsimilarityisnotnecessarilysuitabletoa

4、llofthewiderangeofphenomenathatarehypothesizedtocorrelatewithsimilarity.Thepapersinthisvolume,whichgrewoutoftalkspresentedattheSpecialSessioninPhonologyatNELS40atMITin2009,titledPhonologicalsimilarity:Perceptualandarticulatorybasesandlinkstogrammaticalmechanism

5、s,examinetheapplicabilityofseveralsuchmeasuresofsimilaritytoavarietyofphonologicalphenomena.Inthisintroduction,weaimtosummarizethecontributionsofthesepapersandplacetheminabroadercontext.Webegininsection1bydiscussingrepresentational,orfeatural,similarityasitrela

6、testothephonologicalphenomenonofco-occurrencerestrictionsonconsonants.Wemoveoninsection2tointroducetheideathatperceptualconfusabilitycorrelateswithsimilarity,anideathatiscentraltothecontributionsofGallagherandJohnsen,whoidentifyeffectsofconfusabilityonphonotact

7、icandmorpho-phonologicalpatterns.Mismatchesbetweendifferentmeasuresofsimilarityarediscussedinsection3.DavidsonandShawdemonstratethatperceptualsimilarity,asestimatedfromconfusability,doesnotsolelydetermineunfaithfulproductionsofnon-nativestructures.Thisshowsthat

8、perceptionandproductionmaybeinfluencedbydifferentkindsofsimilarity.Mielkeexaminesthecorrelationbetweenphoneticsimilarity,asmeasuredbasedontheacousticandarticulatoryproperties