英国社会与文化第二章阅读提纲

《英国社会与文化第二章阅读提纲》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、Unit2NorthernIrelandI.PhysicalFeaturesofNorthernIrelandII.PursuitsofIrishIndependenceBackgroundFrom1801to1920,thewholeislandofIrelandwaspoliticallyintegratedwithBritain,andthefullnameofUKwas“theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland”.TheIrishdesiredforanindependentState2HomeRuleBill(自治法案）1)“

2、HomeRule”referstoacampaignforIrishcontrolofIrishaffairs.2)Three“HomeRuleBill”wereputforwardtotheBritishparliamentin1886,1892and1912respectively.Theformertwowerebothrejected.3)Thethird“HomeRuleBill”waspassedin1914,buttheprocesswasovertakenbytheFirstWorldWarandwassuspendedforthedurationofthew

3、ar.3。TheEasterRisingof1916therebelsoccupiedDublin’sPostOfficeandforcedtheBritishtoretaketheHomeRulebymilitaryforce.TheleadersoftherebellionwereexecutedbytheBritishauthorities.4.ImportantFigures1)IRA:IrishRepublicanArmyin1919,IRAmembersexpandedfightingagainstBritishgovernment2)IRAwassetupin1

4、919bytheSinnFeinparty(新芬党）SplitofIRAin1969A：theOfficialIRA(官方派）:concentrateonapoliticalprocessandruncandidateforelections.B.theProvisionalIRA(临时派）believearmedforcewastheonlywaytogettheBritishout.Itisthisgroupthatcontinuedtheconflictforthelast30yearsanditisthemthatareusuallyreferredtobytalka

5、bouttheIRA.2)TheSinnFeinpartyItsupportedtheIrishterrorists.Intheparliamentaryelectionof1918,theSinnFeinpartygainedmostoftheIrishseatsintheBritishparliament,makingtheIrishindependenceinevitable.5.Results1)in1921,theAnglo-IrishTreaty(爱英条约）wassigned.Thetreatysaidthatthesouthern26countieswouldf

6、ormanindependent“freestate”,whilethe6north-easterncountieswouldremainapartoftheUK,bringingtoanend700yearsofBritishruleinsouthernIreland2)NorthernIrelandwasgivenitsownParliamenttodealwithNorthernIrishinternalaffairs,basedatStormont.Reasons:R1:ColonizationR2:ReligiousconflictR3:OppressiononRo

7、manCatholicsIII.ConflictswithinNorthernIreland2.Thetroubles（北爱尔兰问题）1)1960s2)1970s3)BloodySunday4)“theBulletandtheBallotBox”(暴力与民主手段）3.Attemptstodissolveconflicts1)ThePower-sharingmechanismin1973(权力分享机制）2)TheAnglo-Irishagreementin1985(爱英条约）3)IRAdeclaredac