Why gamblers fail to win A review of cognitive and neuroimaging findings in pathological gambling

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1、NeuroscienceandBiobehavioralReviews34(2010)87–107ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectNeuroscienceandBiobehavioralReviewsjournalhomepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/neubiorevReviewWhygamblersfailtowin:AreviewofcognitiveandneuroimagingfindingsinpathologicalgamblingRuthJ.van

2、Holst*,WimvandenBrink,DickJ.Veltman,AnnaE.GoudriaanAcademicMedicalCenter,UniversityofAmsterdam,DepartmentofPsychiatry,AmsterdamInstituteforAddictionResearch,Meibergdreef5,1105AZAmsterdam,TheNetherlandsARTICLEINFOABSTRACTArticlehistory:Thepurposeofthisreviewistogainmor

3、einsightintheneuropathologyofpathologicalgambling(PG)Received6April2009andproblemgambling,andtodiscusschallengesinthisresearcharea.Receivedinrevisedform16July2009ResultsfromthereviewedPGstudiesshowthatPGismorethanjustanimpulsecontroldisorder.PGAccepted16July2009seemst

4、ofitverywellwithrecenttheoreticalmodelsofaddiction,whichstresstheinvolvementoftheventraltegmental-orbitofrontalcortex.DifferentiatingtypesofPGongamepreferences(slotmachinesKeywords:vs.casinogames)seemstobeusefulbecausedifferentPGgroupsshowdivergentresults,suggestingPat

5、hologicalgamblingdifferentneurobiologicalpathwaystoPG.AddictionAframeworkforfuturestudiesissuggested,indicatingtheneedforhypothesisdrivenCognitionpharmacologicalandfunctionalimagingstudiesinPGandintegrationofknowledgefromdifferentRewardPunishmentresearchareastofurther

6、elucidatetheneurobiologicalunderpinningsofthisdisorder.Impulsivityß2009ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.CuereactivityAttentionalbiasDecisionmakingfMRINeuroimagingNeuropsychologyContents1.Introduction........................................................................

7、..............................882.Methods.........................................................................................................883.Rewardandpunishmentprocessing...................................................................................913.1.

8、Concept....................................................................................................913.2.Cognitivebe