资源描述：
《ForensicPsychology-KelleyKlinePhd-FloridaStateU法医心理学-凯利克莱恩博士——佛罗里达州立大学》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、ForensicPsychologyPsychology&theLegalSystemFSU-PCDr.KelleyKlinePsychologyandLawPsychology-isthestudyofhumanbehavior&mentalprocesses.TheLegalsystem—isusedasaformalmethodbywhichsocietyuseslawstoregulatehumanbehavior.Theconceptsofpsychological&behavioralsciencea
2、rerelevanttoeveryareaoflaw.I.WhatisForensicPsychology?Itistheapplicationofpsychologicalfindingstolegalprocesses.Thismeansforensicpsychologistsmaybeinvolvedintheassessment,evaluation,&treatmentofcriminaloffendersaswellasotherareasofthelegalsystem(determiningme
3、ntalfitnessfortrial,etc.)A.ForensicPsychology-developmentTwobranchesofdevelopmentinthisfield:1.Psychologicalresearchfindingshaveincreasinglybeenusedtoinformvariouslegalprocesses.2. Thepracticeofclinicalforensicpsychologyhasbecomeanintegralpartoftheoverallf
4、ieldofforensicscience.II.HistoricalOriginsofForensicPsychology:EyewitnesstestimonyHugoMunsterberg(1908)arguedonthebasisofpsychologicalresearchthateyewitnesstestimonywasunreliable&shouldn’tbeusedbythelegalsystemtobolsterconvictions.In1974,Buckhoutpublishedther
5、esultsofanexperimentinwhichsubjects(Ss)witnessedapurse-snatchingcrime&wereaskedtoidentifytheperpetrator.Only7of52Ssmadethecorrectidentification.Buckhoutconcluded,afteraseriesofsimilarfindings,thatmemoryisselective,influencedbyotherfactors,&fallible.Hearguedth
6、ateyewitnessidentificationisfaultyover90%oftime.Whyaretheresomanyproblemswitheyewitnessidentifications?1.Humansarefairlyunreliableinhowweprocessinformation.Weareheavilyinfluencedbyouremotionsatthetimeofthecrime(e.g.,rape,assault),mayfocusourattentiononsalient
7、featuresofthecrime(e.g.,weapon),unsuitableenvironmentalconditions(e.g.,darkness;rain)&stressmayimpairrecollection.2.Proceduresemployedbylawenforcementtoobtaineyewitnessaccountsmaybeflawed.Kassinetal.,(2001),citethenumerous“criminaljusticeprocedures”thatcanser
8、iouslyaffectaneyewitnessesaccuracy.Somesuchproceduresusedbypoliceinclude:problemsinthewordingofquestions,line-upinstructions,mugshots,inducedbias,childwitnesssuggestibility,attitudes&expe
