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1、国际造船合同基本知识FundamentalsofShipbuildingContracts1SUMMARYTheultimateoutcomeoftheworkproductofvesseldesignengineers,shipbuildingcontrac-tors,equipmentsuppliers,vendorsandsub-contractorsiscontrolledthroughthemechanismsdefinedbyashipbuildingcon-tract.Thecontractdefinesth
2、erightsandresponsibilitiesofthetwopartiesthatexecutethecontract,theOwnerandtheContractor.TheOwnefsdesignengineerswhocontinueontheproject,aswellasalltheotherorgani-zationsparticipatingintheproject,havetoworkwithintheboundariesoftheircontractu-allystipulatedrightsan
3、dresponsibilities.Ifthoserightsandresponsibilitieshavenotbeenadequatelydefinedduringcontractformation,eachparticipatingorganizationmaynotbeabletomakeitscontributiontotheprojectinthemanneritanticipated.Accordingly,itisintheinterestofeachorganization,andtheprofessio
4、nalswithinthem,tonotonlyunder-standthecontractthatcontrolstheiractions,butperhapsalsotohavearoleintheforma-tionofthecontract.Butinordertoappreciatetheinteractionbetweenthevariouselementsofthecontract,ofwhichtherearemany,aswellastoappreciatetheroleofeachpartici-pan
5、t,itisnecessarytohaveafundamentalunderstandingofthecontentandcompositionofshipbuildingcontracts.Thispaperprovidesadescriptionoftheelementsofsuchcon-tracts,andthepurposeofeachsuchelementofthecontract,allinamannerthatissuitableforpersonswhoarenotlawyers・Theultimatep
6、urposeofthispaper,byprovidinginsightsbasedonactualshipbuildingcontractualexperiences,istoassistreadersintheavoid-anceofcontractmanagementdifficultiesaswellasthemoresignificantcontractualdisas-ters.2IntroductionAcontractfortheconstructionofoneormorevesselsisthelogi
7、caloutcomeofadecisionbyashipownertoacquirethenewship(s)tofurthertheobjectivesoftheorgani-zation.Possibleobjectivesinclude:afavor-ablereturnoninvestment;apublicservice(ferries,searchandrescue,etc.);acaptivetransportationlinkasacomponentinalargerlogisticssystem;amil
8、itaryorsecuritycapabil-ity;environmentalmonitoringandpreserva-tion;scientificresearch;andrecreation(cruisevesselsandlargeyachts);amongotherobjec-tivesof