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1、作物栽培学总论第一章绪论第一节作扬我橋禽的对彖、欖质、仪务冬罚究该Firstsectionplantculturestudyobject,nature,dutyandmethodology一、作物栽培学的对象、性质与任务(First,plantculturestudyobject,natureandduty)(一)作物栽培学的定义。作物栽培学是一门综合性、实践性、应用性的农业H然科学。它研究作物生长发育规律、产量及品质形成规律及其为环境条件的关系,探讨作物高产、优质、高效的栽培理论和技术措施。(1)plantculturestudydefinitionplantcu
2、lturestudyisstudiesthecropsgrowthdevelopmentalmechanism,theoutputandthequalityformstheruleandwiththeenvironmentalconditionrelations,thediscussioncropshighproduction,highquality,thehighlyeffectivecultivationtheoryandatechnicalmeasurecomprehensivenature,thepracticality,theutilityagricult
3、uralnaturalsciences・Theplantculturestudyisacomprehensivenature,thepracticality,theutilityagriculuiralnaturalscicnccs.ltstudiesthecropsgrowthdevelopmentalmechanism,theoutputandthequalityformsthemlcandwiththeenvironmentalconditionrelations,thediscussioncropshighproduction,highquality,the
4、highlyeffectivecultivationtheoryandthetechnicalmeasure・该定义己经指出了作物栽培学的研究对象、性质、特点及任务。具体可从以下儿方面分析这一定义的涵义。1.该定义揭示了作物栽培学的研究对象:Thisdefinitionhaspromulgatedtheplantculturestudyobjectofstudy.(1)2个规律一一作物生长发育规律、产量及品质形成规律。作物栽培的对象包括粮、棉、汕、糊等各种作物,作物是有机体,有机体有其白身生长发育、器官建成、产量和产品形成的规律。为了种好庄稼,就必须了解和掌握这些规
5、律,就必须“摸透庄稼的脾气”,即掌握作物的特征特性。在农田作物栽培系统屮,作物生产是以无数个体而组成的群体生产,因此,作物栽培学不仅耍研究作物个体的生长发育规律和器官建成规律,还要研究作物群体的结构和动态发展规律,探讨如何协调群体少个体矛盾的理论为方法。The(1)2rule-・cropsgrowthdevelopmentalmechanism,theoutputandthequalityformthemle.Theplantcultureobjectincludingthegrain,thecotton,theoil,thesugarandsooneachcrop
6、s,thecropsistheorganism,theorganismhasitsowngrowthgrowth,theorgancompletestherulewhich,theoutputandtheproductfonn.Inordertokindofgoodcrops,mustunderstandandgrasptheserules,must"tracethoroughlythecropsthetemperamenfamelygraspingcrops1characteristiccharactcristic.Inthefarmlandplantcult
7、uresystem,thecropsproductionisthecommunityproductionwhichcomposesbytheinnumerableindividuals,notonlytherefore,theplantculturestudyneedstostudythecropsindividualthegrowthdevelopmentalmechanismandtheorgancompletestherule,butalsomuststudythecropscommunitythestructureandthedynamiclawofde