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1、METHOD7580WHITEPHOSPHORUS(P4)BYSOLVENTEXTRACTIONANDGASCHROMATOGRAPHY1.0SCOPEANDAPPLICATION1.1Method7580maybeusedtodeterminetheconcentrationofwhitephosphorus(P4)(CASRegistryNo.7723-14-0)insoil,sediment,andwatersamples.1.2Thismethodincludestwodifferentextractionproceduresforwate
2、rsamples.Thefirstprocedureprovidessensitivityontheorderof0.01µg/L,andmaybeusedtoassesscompliancewithFederalwaterqualitycriteria.Thesecondprocedureprovidessensitivityontheorderof0.1µg/L.Themethodincludesoneprocedurefortheextractionofsoil/sedimentsampleswhichprovidessensitivityo
3、ntheorderof1µg/kg.1.3Whitephosphorusisatoxic,syntheticsubstancethathasbeenusedinpoisons,smoke-screens,matches,andfireworks,andhasbeenusedasarawmaterialintheproductionofphosphoricacid.Ithasbeenusedinsmoke-producingmunitionssinceWorldWarI.Whitephosphorusisthermodynamicallyunstab
4、leinthepresenceofatmosphericoxygen.Asaresult,untilrecently,theprospectoflong-termenvironmentalcontaminationfromsmokemunitionswasconsideredunlikely.However,acatastrophicdie-offofwaterfowlataUSmilitaryfacilityhasbeentracedtothepresenceofP4insaltmarshsediments,andleadtotherealiza
5、tionthatP4canpersistinanoxicsedimentaryenvironments.1.4WhilethismethodisincludedinChapterThree,MetallicAnalytes,thesamplepreparation,extraction,andanalyticaltechniquesemployedarecloselyrelatedtothosedescribedinChapterFourfororganicanalytes.Therefore,thismethodhasbeenwrittenasa
6、stand-aloneprocedure,describingboththeextractionandanalyticaltechniques.AnalystsshouldrefertoMethod8000foradditionalinformationongaschromatographicprocedures.1.5Thismethodisrestrictedtouseby,orunderthesupervisionof,analystsexperiencedinsolventextractionandgaschromatography.Eac
7、hanalystmustdemonstratetheabilitytogenerateacceptableresultsusingthismethod.1.6BecauseP4willspontaneouslycombustinair,theproceduresforthepreparationofstandardsdescribedinSection5requiretheuseofagloveboxorothersuitableenclosedareapurgedwithnitrogen.2.0SUMMARYOFMETHOD2.1Watersam
8、plesareextractedbyoneoftwoprocedures,dependingonthesensitivit
