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1、定语从句定语从句的相关概念1.定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句2.先行词：被修饰的名词,代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。3.引导定语从句的词关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that，另外，as也可充当关系代词（关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。）关系副词：when,where,why（在定语从句中充当状语。）结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。InJapan,someonewhoseesanotherpersonmakingthegesturewillthinkitmeansmoney（
2、二）定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，缺少它，则句义显得不完整，从句与先行词紧密相连。非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词之间有逗号隔开。1.Beforeshecouldmove,sheheardaloudnoise,whichgrewtoaterribleroar.2.Treeaftertreewentdown,cutdownbythewater,whichmusthavebeenthreemetersdeep.3.Flora,whosebeautifulhairanddresswerea
3、llcoldandwet,startedcrying.找正确的关系词的方法：瞻前顾后瞻前：先看先行词是人还是物。顾后：看关系词在后面的定语从句中所做的成分。关系代词&关系副词的选择如果充当是名词性成分，使用关系代词；如果充当是状语成分，使用关系副词。关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：That:指人/指物/主语/宾语Which:指物/主语/宾语 Who：指人/主语/宾语 Whom：指人/宾语 Whose:指人/指物/定语As:指人、指物、主语、宾语Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostye
4、sterday.练习：1.Theman________cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirl______________ImetisLucy.3.Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebook___________youboughtyesterday.5.Weshallneverforgetthedays____________wespenttogether.6.Iliketheperson_________youjusttalked.7.Ihavearoom_______windowf
5、acessouth.注意1）关系词whom/which/that作宾语时，一般可以省略。2）关系词前有介词而且关系词在定语从句中做宾语（表语）时，指人时用whom，指物时用which,而且不能省略。一、that和which用法的区别1、只能用that不用which的情况(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。Iamsureshehassomething__that___youcanborrowDoyouhaveanything_that____youdon’tunderstand
6、?(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooks_that_____youlendme.Pleasesendusanyinformation_that_____youhaveaboutthesubject.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。Thisisthefirstbook__that___hehasread.Itisthemostbeautifulcity__that___I’veeverseen.(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Th
7、isistheverybook__that___belongstohim.Heistheonlyperson___that__waspresentatthetime.补充：thesameas/that对比用as：相似，同类事物;用that：同一个，同一事物.Thisisthesamepenas/thatIlostyesterday.Ihaveboughtthesamedress__________sheiswearing.(5)先行词既有人又有物时。Thefamouswriterandhisworks_that____ther
