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1、定语从句的要点及练习在复合句中，修饰某一个名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句。它位于被修饰的词后面，其作用相当于一个形容词。被修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句常由关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which,as和关系副词when,where,why引导。一、先行词指人时，关系代词可用who,whom,that。who在从句中只作主语，whom在从句中只作宾语，that在从句中可作主语或宾语，在从句中作宾语的关系代词常被省略。如：Afriendwho/thathelpsyouintimeofneedisarealfriend.Thestudents(whom/tha
2、t)youteacharenowdoingexperiments.二、行词指物时，关系代词用that或which,在从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时，可省略。如：Thesearethetreesthat/whichwereplantedlastyear.Isthisthebook(that/which)youarelookingfor?三、当先行词指物时，在下列情况下只能用关系代词that,而不用which:1、先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,something,little,much等不定代词时。如：Italmostseemedasifthego
3、odmanweretryingtoteachusall(that)heknewathislastlesson.２、先行词前有all,every,no,some,little,much,theonly,thevery或序数词thefirst,thelast或形容词最高级时。如： Alltheclothesthathavebeenrejectedarekeptinthebackroom.Thisistheonlybook(that)Iwanttoborrowthistime.Thefirstlesson(that)wearetolearniseasy.Thisisthebestfilm(
4、that)Ihaveeverseen.３、有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，关系代词用that,不用who,whom或which。如：Wearetalkingaboutthepictureanditspainterthatwesawyesterday.４、当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，关系代词用 that,不用who,whom或which。如：Whoistheboythatisplayingwithwater?WhichoftheboysthatseeisMrs.Liu’sson?四、在非限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，关系代词用which而不用that；当
5、先行词指人时，只能用who或whom而不能用that；Iwasafilmyesterday,whichisabouttheFirstWorldWar.John,whoisill,cannotcometotheparty.五、当从句中的介词提于关系代词之前时，关系代词用whom或which来指代人或物；如：Hereisthearticleabout________wearetalking.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.it六、当先行词是way时，常用that(有时用inwhich),也可省去，但不可用where。思考题(多项选择)：Wewanttoknowtheway____
6、________youlearnnewwords.A.不填B.thatC.inwhichD.where七、whose前的先行词多数是指人，也可指物。指物时可与ofwhich互换，指人时可与ofwhom互换。Whose在定语从句中作定语。如：Thebookwhosecoverisbluebelongstome.=Thebookthecoverof_________isbluebelongstome.Tomisoneofthestudentswhosehandwritingisthebestinourclass.=Tomisoneofthestudentsthehandwritingof_
7、_______isthebestinourclass.五、先行词是thereason时，关系代词用why,也可省略。如：Thatisthereason(why)Ididit.思考题(多项选择)：Thereason__________yougavefordoingthatfoolishthingisnotreasonableatall.A.thatB.whyC.whichD.不填六、先行词是一个表示时间的词如：time,hour,day,mont
