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1、Anexaminationoftheincreasesinpedestrianmotorvehiclecrashfatalitiesduring2009–16May2018WenHuJessicaB.CicchinoInsuranceInstituteforHighwaySafetyAbstractIntroduction:Pedestrianfatalitiesincreased46%intheUnitedStatesduring2009–16.Thisstudyidentifiedcircumstancesunderwhichthelargestincreasesindeaths
2、occurredduringthisperiod.Method:AnnualcountsofU.S.pedestrianfatalitiesandcrashinvolvementswereextractedfromtheFatalityAnalysisReportingSystemandGeneralEstimatesSystem.Poissonregressionexaminedifpedestrianfatalitiesbyvariousroadway,environmental,personal,andvehiclefactorschangedsignificantlyduri
3、ng2009–16.Linearregressionexaminedchangesoverthestudyperiodinpedestriandeathsper100crashinvolvementsandinhorsepowerper1,000poundsofweightamongpassengervehiclesinvolvedinfatalsingle-vehiclepedestriancrashes.Results:Pedestriandeathsper100crashinvolvementsincreased29%from2010,whentheyreachedtheirl
4、owestpoint,to2015,themostrecentyearforwhichcrashinvolvementdatawereavailable.Thelargestincreasesinpedestriandeathsduring2009–16occurredinurbanareas(54%increasefrom2009to2016),onarterials(67%increase),atnonintersections(50%increase),andindarkconditions(56%increase).TheriseinthenumberofSUVsinvolv
5、edinfatalsingle-vehiclepedestriancrashes(82%increase)waslargerthantheincreasesinthenumberofcars,vans,pickups,ormedium/heavytrucksinvolvedinthesecrashes.Thepowerofpassengervehiclesinvolvedinfatalsingle-vehiclepedestriancrashesincreasedoverthestudyperiod,withlargerincreasesinvehiclepoweramongmore
6、powerfulvehicles.Conclusions:Effortstoturnbacktherecentincreaseinpedestrianfatalitiesshouldfocusontheconditionswheretherisehasbeenthegreatest.Practicalapplications:Transportationagenciescanimproveurbanarterialsbyinvestinginprovencountermeasures,suchasroaddiets,mediancrossingislands,pedestrianhy
7、bridbeacons,andautomatedspeedenforcement.Betterroadlightingandvehicleheadlightscouldimprovepedestrianvisibilityatnight.Keywords:pedestrians,fatalities,FatalityAnalysisReportingSystem(FARS)21.IntroductionWalkingasameansoftransporta
