门式起重机外文翻译.doc

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1、外文原文（出自JOURNALOFCONSTRUCTIONENGINEEINGANDMANAGEMENTMARCH/APRIL/115--121）LOCATIONOPTIMIZATIONFORAGROUPOFTOWERCRANESABSTRACT:Acomputerizedmodeltooptimizelocationofagroupoftowercranesispresented.Locationcriteriaarebalancedworkload,minimumlikelihoodofconflictswitheachother,andhigh

2、efficiencyofoperations.Threesubmodelsarealsopresented.First,theinitiallocationmodelclassifiestasksintogroupsandidentifiesfeasiblelocationforeachcraneaccordingtogeometric‘‘closeness.’’Second,theformertaskgroupsareadjustedtoyieldsmoothworkloadsandminimalconflicts.Finally,asingl

3、e-tower-craneoptimizationmodelisappliedcranebycranetosearchforoptimallocationintermsofminimalhooktransportationtime.Experimentalresultsandthestepsnecessaryforimplementationofthemodelarediscussed.INTRODUCTIONOnlargeconstructionprojectsseveralcranesgenerallyundertaketransporta

4、tiontasks,particularlywhenasinglecranecannotprovideoverallcoverageofalldemandandsupplypoints,and/orwhenitscapacityisexceededbytheneedsofatightconstructionschedule.Manyfactorsinfluencetowercranelocation.Intheinterestsofsafetyandefficientoperation,cranesshouldbelocatedasfarapart

5、aspossibletoavoidinterferenceandcollisions,ontheconditionthatallplannedtaskscanbeperformed.However,thisidealsituationisoftendifficulttoachieveinpractice;constrainedworkspaceandlimitationsofcranecapacitymakeitinevitablethatcraneareasoverlap.Subsequently,interferenceandcollisio

6、nscanoccurevenifcranejibsworkatdifferentlevels.Craneposition(s)tendtobedeterminedthroughtrialanderror,basedonsitetopography/shapeandoverallcoverageoftasks.Thealternativesforcranelocationcanbecomplex,somanagersremainconfrontedbymultiplechoicesandlittlequantitativereference.Cr

7、anelocationmodelshaveevolvedoverthepast20years.Warszawski(1973)establishedatime-distanceformulabywhichquantitativeevaluationoflocationwaspossible.FurusakaandGray(1984)presentedadynamicprogrammingmodelwiththeobjectivefunctionbeinghirecost,butwithoutconsiderationoflocation.Gray

8、andLittle(1985)optimizedcranelocationinirregular-shapedbuildi