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1、第52卷第14期机械工程学报Vol.52No.142016年7月JOURNALOFMECHANICALENGINEERINGJul.2016DOI：10.3901/JME.2016.14.040不锈钢外板对5A06铝合金板材液压胀形*行为的影响11,21,2张志超徐永超苑世剑(1.哈尔滨工业大学金属精密热加工国家级重点实验室哈尔滨150001；2.哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院哈尔滨150001)摘要：薄壁曲面铝合金零件整体液压成形时，易发生起皱和破裂缺陷，探讨通过施加外层板能抑制缺陷发生的机理。采用5A06铝合金内层板材和1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈
2、钢外层板材，对双层板液压胀形行为进行研究。通过塑性理论分析板材液压胀形屈服半径，讨论经向摩擦力及法向压力对板材应力大小的影响；利用数值模拟给出内层板的应力、应变分布；通过双层板液压胀形试验，对比单层板和双层板条件下，铝合金内层板极限胀形高度、极限应变，分析双层板的变形协调性。结果表明：通过施加不锈钢外层板，减小了5A06铝合金内层板顶部位置面内的双向拉应力，减小了内层板变形区应力、应变梯度，使胀形变形更加均匀，胀形高度提高32%，顶部极限应变提高51.7%，极限应变显著提高。关键词：双层板；5A06铝合金；液压胀形；胀形极限；应力-应变中图分类号：T
3、G394EffectofOuterStainlessSteelontheDeformationBehaviorofHydro-bulgingof5A06AluminumAlloySheet11,21,2ZHANGZhichaoXUYongchaoYUANShijian(1.NationalKeyLaboratoryofPrecisionHotProcessingofMetals,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150001;2.SchoolofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,Harbi
4、nInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150001)Abstract：Inordertoavoidtheoccurrenceofwrinkleandfractureduringtheintegralformingprocessofthehugecurvedpartswithsuperthinwall,double-layersheetsformingmethodisdeveloped.Double-layersheetshydro-bulgingwiththeinnersidesheetof5A06aluminumalloyshe
5、etof2.0mmthickandoutersidesheetof1Cr18Ni9Tistainlesssteelsheetof1.0mmthickisinvestigated.Thebulgingradiusofsheetisanalyticallycalculatedwhenmaterialyields,andtheeffectofradialfrictionandnormalpressureonthedistributionofstressofblankisanalyticallystudied.Thedistributionofstressa
6、ndstrainoftheinnersidesheetduringthedouble-layersheetshydro-bulgingisobtainedbyFiniteelementanalysis(FEA)method.Inaddition,experimentofdouble-layersheetshydro-bulgingisconductedtoinvestigatetheeffectandofoutersidesheetonthelimitedbulgingheightandlimitedstrainoftheinnersidesheet
7、,andthedeformationcompatibilityoftheinnerandoutersidesheetsisverified.Theresultsshowsthat,when1Cr18Ni9Tistainlesssteeloutersheetisimposedonthe5A06aluminumalloyinnersidesheet,thebiaxialtensilestressofinnersheetdecreasesatthepeakofthesemi-sphere,andthestressandstraingradientofthe
8、wholedeformationregionofinnersheetdecreases.Asaresult,
