高中被动语态.ppt

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1、被动语态（ThePassiveVoice)Tombrokethewindow.（主动语态）①    ②          ③ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.（被动语态）③               ②                ①英语的谓语动词有两种语态主动语态被动语态（前者表示句子的主语为动作的发出者，后者表示句子的主语为动作的承受者。）注意：只有及物动词才有被动语态。1.被动语态结构：be+过去分词(PP)+(by…)2.如何从主动语态变为被动语态？1.Theboybroketheglass.Theglasswasb

2、rokenbytheboy.2.Theboyisreadingabook.Thebookisbeingreadbytheboy.1.主语2.谓语3.宾语介词by宾语be+过去分词主语1、Theymakethebikesinthefactory.2、Allthepeoplelaughedathim.3、Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.ThebikesaremadebytheminthefactoryHewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.3.

3、主动语态和被动语态结构对照表时态主动语态被动语态1一般现在时2一般过去时3一般将来时4过去将来时5现在进行时6过去进行时7现在完成时8过去完成时9含情态动词am/is/are+过去分词do/doesdidshall/will+动词原形would+动词原形am/is/are+doingwas/were+doinghave/has+过去分词had+过去分词情态动词+动词原形was/were+过去分词shall/will+be+过去分词would+be+过去分词am/is/are+being+过去分词was/were+being+过去分词had+b

4、een+过去分词have/has+been+过去分词情态动词+be+过去分词注：被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由第一个be动词助动词或情态动词构成。2.人称和时态的变化体现在be动词上，而过去分词在任何时态中都不改变。被动语态举例①TheGreatWallwasbuiltmorethan2000yearsold.②AnewbridgeisbeingbuiltacrosstheChangjiangRiver.③Theprojectwill(isgoingto)befinishednextmonth.④Manytreeshavebeenplanted

5、aroundthelake.⑤Oldpeopleshouldbetakencareof/lookedafter.⑥Bookscan’tbetakenoutofthelibrary.7.Nobodylikesbeinglaughedat.8.Nobodylikestobelaughedat.被动语态应注意的问题1.可接双宾语的动词带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前做主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加to或for.Eg:Igavehimabookyesterday.---Hewasgivenabook(byme)yesterda

6、y.---Abookwasgiventohim(byme)yesterday.2.带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语ask/tell/allow/encourage/promise…sb.todosth.结构：①Peopleshouldallowteenagerstochoosetheirownclothes.Teenagerstochoosetheirownclothes.②Theyencourageustoplantmoretrees.Wetoplantmoretrees.shouldbeallowedareencouraged3、接动词

7、原形做宾补的动词变被动语态使役动词(let,have,make等)或感官动词(see,hear,watch,等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式省略to，改为被动语态时一定要补上to。①Iheardhimsinginthenextroom.---Hesinginthenextroom.②Theymadeusdoallkindsofwork.---Wedoallkindsofwork..注：当使用see/hear/watchsbdoingsth时，变为被动语态时，doing不变。如：Isawhimgoingintotheshop.(主动)Hewa

8、sseengoingintotheshop.(被动)washeardtoweremadeto4、主语从句汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等常见的