虚拟语气讲解.docx

《虚拟语气讲解.docx》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、虚拟语气详解1.基本的三种形式与结构：1）与现在事实相反If+小主语+动词的过去式+其他,主语+would/could/should/might+v.原形+其他。Iftherewerenowaterintheworld,therewouldbenolife.2）与过去事实相反If+小主语+haddone+其他,主语+would/could/should/might+havedone+其他。Hewouldhavebeentherebynowifhehadnotmissedthetrain.3）与将来事实相反

2、If+小主语+wereto或should+v.原形+其他,主语+would/could/should/might+v.原形+其他。IfIshouldleaveforShanghaitomorrow,wewouldmeetagainnextweek.注：a)虚拟语气与过去时态脱离不了干系，即从句中是这样，主句中谓语部分中的首助动词只能用would/could/should/might中的一个，但必须要用一个。(Willcanshallmaymust)b)倒装：如果在虚拟语气的条件句中的结构为if+小主语+助

3、动词were/had+其他,那么这种句型可以转化为were/had+小主语+其他.Hadhenotmissedthetrain,sheshouldhavebeentheretwodaysago.c)如果在虚拟语气的条件句中出现was时,更多的情况改用were.IfIwereyou,Iwouldleavehimsoon.d)交叉使用所谓虚拟语气的交叉使用问题是指:虚拟条件部分与主句部分不是简单对同一种时态进行的假设,这种情况下应将两部分分别选用不同的句型.Ifithadnotbeenforme,youwou

4、ldnotbefreenow.IfIhadstudiedhardintheuniversity,Ishouldbesittinginaspaciousofficenow.1．表示建议要求的词(suggestaskproposeadviseinsistrequiredemandrecommendcommanddesireordermovedecidedecreevote;suggestionproposaladvicerequirementrequestdecisiondemanddecreeinstruc

5、tionorderresolution;advisableappropriatedesirableimperativeobligatory)所涉及到的宾语从句、定语从句、同位语从句、表语从句、宾语补足语从句等，无论这些词以什么词性(v./n./adj.）出现，这些从句中的谓语动词必须用（should+）v.原形Theboardproposedthatsomebodyneutraltakethechair.Youradvicethatshewaittillnextweekisreasonable.Hissu

6、ggestionisthatallthenetbarsshouldremainclosed.Ithinkitadvisablethatasecretarybeappointedatonce.1．Itis/was+importantnecessaryessentialcrucialvitalimpossibleproper+that+小主语(+should)+v.原形Itisessentialthatalltheapplicantsshouldbeinterviewedonebyone.2．wished/w

7、ish+that+小主语+did或haddone+其他。（通常来说，一般情况下用did,只有在宾语从句中有表示过去的时间状语时用haddone的形式）IwishIcouldgotothemoonsomeday.IwishIdidthejobwell.IwishIhadfinishedmyhomeworktwohoursago.3．Itis(high)time+that+小主语+did+其他。It’stimewehadarest.1．…+lest或forfearthat+小主语(+should)+v.原形+

8、其他。We’dbettertakeanumbrellalestitrain.2．主语+wouldrather+小主语+did+其他。IwouldratheryoustayedathomeandwatchedTVwithme.3．在含有Butfor+n.或pron./without+n.或pron.的状语的句子中,主句根据实际情况判断采取1.中的相应句型。Butforhishelp,Imighthavefailedinthefi