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1、JOURNALOFGEOPHYSICALRESEARCH,VOL.112,D21205,doi:10.1029/2007JD008649,2007Chargingstateoftheatmosphericnucleationmode:Implicationsforseparatingneutralandion-inducednucleation11222Veli-MattiKerminen,TatuAnttila,TuukkaPeta¨ja¨,LauriLaakso,Ste´phanieGagne´,3,42KariE.J.Lehtinen,andMarkkuKu
2、lmalaReceived12March2007;revised29May2007;accepted8August2007;published8November2007.[1]Onewayofgettinginformationabouttherelativerolesofneutralandion-inducednucleationintheatmosphereistomeasurethechargingstateofaerosolparticles,i.e.,theextentbywhichthechargedfractionofaerosolparticle
3、sdiffersfromthecorrespondingequilibriumchargedfraction.Byusingatheoreticalapproach,weinvestigatedhowthechargingstateofagrowingnucleationmodebehavesunderdifferentatmosphericconditions.Wefoundthatthetimeevolutionofthenucleichargingstateisgovernedbytwoparameters:theinitialnucleichargings
4、tatedeterminedbythenucleationmechanismandtheparameterKthatisdirectlyproportionaltotheclusterionconcentrationandinverselyproportionaltothenucleigrowthrate.WedemonstratedthatifthevalueKis1largerthanacertainthresholdvalue(2–4nm),anyinformationabouttheinitialchargingstateofthenuclei,andt
5、herebyaboutthenucleationmechanism,willbelostbythetimethenucleigrowintothemeasurementsizerange(>3nm).Bymakingafewsimplifyingassumptions,wederivedananalyticalexpressionforthefunctionaldependenceofthenucleichargingstateasafunctionofthenucleisize.Wedemonstratedthatthederivedexpressioncanu
6、suallybefittedintoexperimentaldataonnucleichargingstates.WhenthevalueofKissmallenough,theobtainedfittingcanbeextrapolatedsuccessfullydowntosizeswherethenucleationhastakenplacetoobtaininformationabouttherelativeimportanceofneutralandion-inducednucleation.Citation:Kerminen,V.-M.,T.Antti
7、la,T.Peta¨ja¨,L.Laakso,S.Gagne´,K.E.J.Lehtinen,andM.Kulmala(2007),Chargingstateoftheatmosphericnucleationmode:Implicationsforseparatingneutralandion-inducednucleation,J.Geophys.Res.,112,D21205,doi:10.1029/2007JD008649.1.Introductionmultipledifferentpathways.Onesuchpathwayision-induced
8、,orio
