Guide to Referencing in theHarvard Style at Ulster 参考文献指南 哈佛风格地阿尔斯特.pdf

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1、GuidetoReferencingintheHarvardStyleatUlsterContentsPage1.Introduction22.TheHarvardSystem(GeneralGuidelines)3Authors,Originators,Dates3Letters,emailsandinterviews43.Citingwithinthetext(GeneralGuidelines)Quotations,pagination,paraphrasing4Tables,figures,diagrams&images5Textfrom

2、videoorbroadcast,Onlinesources5Acronyms/Abbreviations53.1Examplesofcitinginthetext(Generalguidelines)5Twoauthors,Morethantwoauthors6Noauthor,Contributor6Citingsecondarysources74.ReferenceListattheendofyourwork(Generalguidelines)7Capitalletters,italics7Publishers,PlaceofPub

3、lication84.1Printed(andrecorded)materialsBookswithoneauthor/editor,Morethantwoauthors8Chapters,Dictionaries,Journalsarticles9Newspapers,Conferencepapers9Reports,Standards,Commandpapers10Parliamentarypapers,Hansard,Int’lOrganisations11Legislation(UK&EU),Cases12Dissertation

4、s,Broadcasts,Film,Video,CD,DVD134.2Onlinematerials(Generalguidelines)14E-books,e-Reader/Kindle14E-Journalfromlibrarydatabase/Internet,Inpress,15NewspaperinLibrarydatabase/onwebsite,16Webpagewithauthor,Webpagebyorganisation16Webpagenoauthor,Onlinereportwithauthor,17OnlineRep

5、ortbyorganisation,OnlineConferencepaper17OnlineImages,Podcasts,Vidcasts,18VideoorFilesharingsites,e.g.YouTubeorSlideshare,18Blogs,Wikis,Twitter19MobileApps,Computersoftware195.Plagiarism,Self-Plagiarism,CopyrightandRefWorks20Thisguidehasbeenadapted,withpermission,fromtheBour

6、nemouthUniversityGuidetocitation(September2011)1

7、Page1.IntroductionWhyisreferencingsoimportant?Whenwritingapieceofwork,youneedtoreferinyourtexttomaterialwrittenorproducedbyothers.Thisprocedureiscalledcitingorquotingreferences.Failuretodosoimpliesthatwhatyouhavewrittenisallyourow

8、nwork,whenitisn’t.Thisamountstoplagiarism,isagainstUniversityRegulationsandisregardedasaseriousoffence.Itisalsoanoffencetoself-plagiariseandthisisdefinedbytheUniversityasoccurring‘whenastudent’sownworkisre-presentedwithoutbeingproperlyreferenced’(seepage20forfurtherdetails).Cons

9、istencyandaccuracyareimportanttoenablereadersto