资源描述：
《二语习得 对比概念汇总.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、1.Audiolingualapproach:audioligualteachingisbasedonthebehaviouristtheoryoflearningandonstructurallinguistics.Thisinstructionalapproachemphasizestheformationofhabitsthroughthepractice,memorization,andrepetitionofgrammaticalstructuresinisolationfromeachotherandfromcontextsof
2、meaningfuluse.Communicativelanguageteaching:(CLT)CLTisbasedonthepremisethatsuccessfullanguagelearninginvolvesnotonlyaknowledgeofthestructuresandformsofalanguage,butalsothefunctionsandpurposesthatalanguageservesindifferentcommunicativesettings.Thisapproachonteachingemphasiz
3、esthecommunicationofmeaningoverthepracticeandmanipulationofgrammarforms.2.Behaviourism:apsychologicaltheorythatalllearning,whetherverbalornon-verbal,takesplacethroughtheestablishmentofhabits.Connectionism:Atheorywhichviewslanguageasacomplexsystemofunitswhichbecomeinterconn
4、ectedinthemindastheyareencounteredtogether.Themoreoftenunitsareheardorseentogether,themorelikelyitisthatthepresenceofonewillleadtotheactivationoftheother.Innatism:Atheorythathumanbeingsarebornwithsomebasicknowledgeaboutlanguagesingeneralthatmakesitpossibletolearnthespecifi
5、clanguageoftheenvironment.Interactionism:Atheorythatlanguageisbasedonlearners’innateabilitiesandonopportunitiestoengageinconversations,oftenthoseinwhichotherspeakersmodifytheirspeechtomatchthelearners’communicationrequirements.3.Competence:Chomskyusedthisitemtorefertoknowl
6、edgeoflanguage.Itreferstotheknowledgewhichunderliesourabilitytouselanguage.Performance:Thelanguagethatweactuallyuseinlistening,speaking,reading,writing.Performanceissubjecttovariationsduetoinattentiononfatiguewhereascompetence,atleastforthematurenativespeaker,ismorestable.
7、4.Comprehension-basedinstruction:Ageneraltermtodescribeavarietyofsecondlanguageprogramsinwhichthefocusofinstructionisoncomprehensionratherthanproduction(forexample,TotalPhysicalResponse).Content-basedinstruction:Secondlanguageprogramsinwhichlessonsareorganizedaroundtopics,
8、themes,and/orsubjectmatterratherthanlanguagepoints(forexample,Frenchimmersionprograms).Fo
