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1、TheScarletLetterAuthor:NathanielHawthorneSymbolism：TheScarletLetter,Asymbolofshame,butinsteaditbecomesapowerfulsymbolofidentitytoHester.Theletter’smeaningshiftsastimepasses.OriginallyintendedtomarkHesterasanadulteress,the“A”eventuallycomestostandfor“Able.”TheM
2、eteor,toDimmesdale,themeteorimpliesthatheshouldwearamarkofshamejustasHesterdoes.Themeteorisinterpreteddifferentlybytherestofthecommunity,whichthinksthatitstandsfor“Angel”andmarksGovernorWinthrop’sentryintoheavenTheRosebush,NexttothePrisonDoor.Thenarratorchoose
3、stobeginhisstorywiththeimageoftherosebushbesidetheprisondoor.Therosebushsymbolizestheabilityofnaturetoendureandoutlastman’sactivities.Pearlisasortoflivingversionofhermother’sscarletletter.Sheisthephysicalconsequenceofsexualsinandtheindicatorofatransgression(ev
4、ildoing).UpwardAmericanspiritCharacteranalysis:Hester:disloyalty,betrayal,deception,sexualdesire,adultery.Face,correct,redeem,purify.Praise,content,conformability.Dimmesdale:adultery,cowardice,hypocrisy,dishonesty,selfishness,toocowardtoconfess,torturedbyhisco
5、nscience.Sympathetic,disfavorhishesitation,indecisivenessandcowardice.Chillingworth:revenge.Torturedbythedesireofrevenge,twistedandreducedtonothing.disgusted,thinkhecommittedgreatercrime.PuritanisminTheScarletLetterPuritanbackground:setting,events,characters,t
6、houghts,behaviors.Puritandoctrines:originalsin,totaldepravity,predestination,limitedatonement.RalphWaldoEmerson1.NatureThedeclarationofTranscendentalismAnalysisof“Nature”Alongessaywhichhaseightparts:theopening,commodity,beauty,language,discipline,Idealism,spir
7、itandprospects.Ourselectionistakenfromtheopening.Takenasawhole,“Nature”expressesEmerson’sphilosophyinamoresystematicfashionthananyotherworkofhis.MeaningsofnatureIBeautyNatureisbeautiful.:thecomplete,mysterious,usefulandmoralbeautyofnature.First,nature’sbeautyl
8、iesinitscompleteness.Second,nature’sbeautyliesinitsmystery.cannotbemanipulated.Onlywhenheholdsasincererespectfornature,canmanfeelthemysteriousbeautyofnature.Third,nature’sbeautylie
