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1、ChinesehistoryPrimitivemenlivedinChinaabout1.7yearsago.Historicalresearchhasproducedevidencethatapproximately400,000to500,000yearsagothefamousBeijingMancouldmakeandusesimpletoolsandknewhowtouseandcontrolfire.stthTheXiadynasty(21—16centuriesBC)sawthefirstintroductioninChinesehistoryo
2、ftheslavesystem.IntheththdynastiesaftertheXia,thatistheShang(16---11centuriesthBC)andtheWesternZhou(11centuryto770BC),aslavesocietywasfirmlyestablished.ThencamethetransitionalphasefromslavetofeudalsocietyintheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770–476BC),whentheprincelyrivalstateswerefightingfor
3、supremacy.ThestateofQinunifiedChinain221BC,andestablishedthefirstcentralized,multi-nationalfeudalstate.Inthe2000yearsthatfollowed,peasantuprisingsbroughtabouttheriseandfallofdynastyafterdynasty.ThecycleofChina’sfeudalsocietybegantodecayintheMingandmid-Qingdynasties(1368--1840).Insho
4、rt,uptotheOpiumWarin1840,formorethan2000yearsChinaremainedafeudalsociety.ThehistoryofmodernChinabeginswiththeOpiumWarin1840.Subsequentinvasionsbytheimperialistpowersgraduallyreducechinatothestatusofasemi-colonialandsemi-feudalcountry.TheChinesepeoplebeganalongandcourageousstruggleag
5、ainsttheoppressionoffeudalismandforeignaggression.The1911RevolutionoverthrewtheQingdynastyandendedtheautocraticfeudalrule,butfailedtoliberateChinafromtheheavyburdensofimperialism,feudalismandbureaucraticcapitalismthatweigheddownonthepeople’sshoulders.TheChineseCommunistPartywasfound
6、edin1921,andfinallyledthepeopletovictorywiththefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonOctober1,1949.ThecomingofsocialismhastransformedthefaceofancientChinaandturnedoveranewpageinthelonghistory.GeographyofChinaThePeople’sRepublicofChinaliesinEastAsiaonthewesternPacificcoast.Itsareaof9
7、6millionsquarekilometersisalmostaslargeastheentireEuropeancontinent.Thenationalinlandboundariestotalover20,000kilometers,withover18,000kilometersofcoastline.Therearemorethan5,000islandsinitsvastterritorialwaters,thelargestbingTaiwanandthesecondlargest,Hainan.IntheextremesoutharetheS
8、outhChinaSeaIslands
