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浙江省北斗星盟高三适应性考试英语试题考生须知:1.本卷共10页满分150分,考试时间120分钟;2.答题前,在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在试卷上无效;4.考试结束后,只需上交答题纸。第Ⅰ卷第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例如,你将听到以下内容:1.【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】Whyisthemanstressedout?A.Hehastoassesshisperformance.B.Hehasn’ttriedhisbestallsemester.C.Hehastopreparealotinalimitedtime.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Howdoyoufeelaboutthefinalassessmentthissemester?M:I’mabitnervous.There’ssomuchtocoverandonlysolittletimelefttoprepare.W:Iknowwhatyoumean.JustdoyourbestandI’msureyou’llbeokay.2.【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Intheoffice.B.Athome.C.Inahospital.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Maggie,youlookpale,what’swrong?W:Iamrunningatemperature. M:Whydon’tyougotoseeadoctor?W:Yeah,IthinkIshould.ButIhavetomakeapresentationtotheboardrightnow.3.【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanwanttoreturntheshirt?A.Becauseoftheterribledesign.B.Becauseoftheunsuitablesize.C.Becauseoftheeye-catchingcolor.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,I’dliketoreturnthisshirt.M:Yes,madam,butwhat’swrongwithit?W:Well,thoughit’swelldesigned,witheye-pleasingcolor,itdoesn’tfitmewell.4.【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Designingatalentshow.B.Organizingasportscompetition.C.Planningstudentcouncilactivities.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Ithinkforthenextstudentcouncilactivityweshouldorganizeasportscompetition.W:Thatsoundsfun,butwhataboutthosewhoaren’tintosports?Maybewecouldalsohaveatalentshoworaculturalevent.M:Greatidea!Wecouldhaveavarietyofactivitiestomeeteveryone’sinterests.5.【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】Whataspectof“NationalGeographic”appealstothewoman?A.Latestnews.B.Diversetopics.C.Uniqueviewpoints.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,haveyoureadthelatestissueof“Reader’sDigest”?It’sgreatforcreativeanduniqueviewpoints.W:Thanks!Iprefer“NationalGeographic”formorewiderangingtopics.MaybeI’llcheckout“Reader’sDigest”too. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Sisterandbrother.C.Husbandandwife.7.Whatdotheyplantodo?A.Buyanicewatch.B.Recordaspecialalbum.C.Arrangeafamilydinner.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Heysis,dad’sbirthdayiscomingup.Whatshouldwegethim?W:Hmm,maybeanicewatchorapersonalizedphotoalbum?M:Iliketheideaofapersonalizedphotoalbum.Wecouldincludeourfamilymemoriesandmakeitreallyspecial.W:That’sagreatidea!Itwouldbeameaningfulandthoughtfulgift.M:Let’salsoplanafamilydinnertocelebrateit.W:Goodidea,wecaninviteclosefamilyandfriendstomakeitamemorablecelebration.听下面一段对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanlikebestinthenewcafe?A.Coffee.B.Atmosphere.C.Book.9.Whatdoesthewomanplantodothisweekend?A.Checkoutsomebooks.B.Makeblueberrymuffin.C.Explorethecafewiththeman.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】M:HeyEmily,haveyouhadachancetocheckoutthatnewcafedowntown?W:Oh,notyet.Isitanygood?M:Absolutely!Ithasthiscozycornerwithsoftchairs–perfectforgettinglostinagoodbook.Theatmosphereisfantastic,butwhatattractsmemostisthecoffeeitself.W:Really?I’malwaysonthelookoutforagoodcoffeespotandaquietplacetoread.Whatelsedoithave? M:Well,besidesthecoffee,itoffersavarietyofsnacks.Theblueberrymuffinisreallyamazing.W:Yum!I’msold.Let’scheckitoutthisweekend.M:Greatidea!Wecangrabacoffee,enjoysomeblueberrymuffin,andcatchup.听下面一段对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】10.Whatmotivatedthemantobecomeaprofessionalbasketballplayer?A.Hishigh-levelskills.B.Hisloveforthegame.C.Hischildhoodexperience.11.Whatisthehardestpartofbeingaprofessionalbasketballplayer?A.Tofitinwiththetrainingroutine.B.Tocopewiththeconstantpressure.C.Tomeetthephysicalandmentaldemandsofthegame.12.Whatsuggestionsdoesthemangivetoyoungathletes?A.Bealearneranddoer.B.Beanenthusiastanddreamer.C.Beasupporterandteamworker.【答案】10.B11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:HiMichael,welcometo“CelebrityTalk”.Canyouintroduceyourselftoouraudience?M:Ofcourse,mynameisMichaelandIamaprofessionalbasketballplayer.W:Greattohaveyouhere,Michael.Whatinspiredyoutobecomeaprofessionalbasketballplayer?M:Well,I’vebeenplayingbasketballsinceIwasakid.Ifellinlovewiththegameandalwaysdreamedofplayingatthehighestlevel.W:That’swonderful.Beingaprofessionalathleterequiresalotofhardworkanddevotion.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostchallengingaspectofbeingaprofessionalbasketballplayer?M:Ithinkoneofthebiggestchallengesisthephysicalandmentaldemandsofthegame.Theconstanttraining,travel,andthepressuretoperformatahighlevelcanbeoverwhelmingattimes.W:Icanimagine.Whatadvicewouldyougivetoyoungaspiringathleteswhowanttopursueacareerinbasketball?M:Iwouldtellthemtostayfocused,workhard,andnevergiveupontheirdreams.Surroundyourselfwithgoodadvisorsandteammates,andalwaysbewillingtolearnandimprove.W:Thankyouforyourinsights,Michael.Iappreciateyourtimeandwishyouthebestofluckinyourfuturegames.M:Thankyou,it’sbeenapleasurespeakingwithyou. 听下面一段对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】13.Howdidthemannoticetheproblemfirst?A.Hisbankcalledhim.B.Hisbillshowedhim.C.Hiscreditcardwasstolen.14.Whatdothebankdotofixtheproblem?A.Theygivethemanhismoneybackatonce.B.Theydecidetotalktothebank’smanager.C.Theyaskthemantoprovidetheevidence.15.Whatmighthavecausedtheproblemaccordingtotheman?A.Unsafewebsite.B.Overduedebt.C.Improperdownload.16.Whatdothetwospeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Shoppinghabits.B.Moneymanagement.C.Informationsafety.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.C【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tbelievethis.Ihavebeenonthephonewithmybankalldayandtheystillhaven’tfixedmyproblem.W:Isitacreditcardproblem?M:Yes.Mycreditcardinformationwasstolen.WhenIgotmybillinthemail,Isawthereweremanyunfamiliarpurchasesonit.W:That’sterrible.Didtheytakealotofmoney?M:Yes,andIamveryupsetbecausethebankisnothelpingmequickly.W:Doesn’tthebank’smanagerdecidetogiveyourmoneyback?M:No.Ijusthavetoprovethatthesepurchaseswerenotmadebyme.IthinkthepersonwhostolemyinformationgotitfromtheInternet.Ididn’tdownloadanythingrecently.Ijustboughtacollectionofmovies.Iwon’tbedoingthatagainunlessthewebsiteissuretobesafe.It’shonestlymyfaultforbeingcareless.W:Youcanneverbetoocareful.听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】17.WhatwillToddMessegeeberesponsiblefor?A.Writingaplay.B.Directingaplay.C.Starringinaplay.18.Whatwillparticipantsmainlydobythefourthday? A.Practicetheplay.B.Attendalectureonacting.C.Performonstageformally.19.Whatissuggestedbythespeaker?A.Signingupearly.B.Receivingtop-leveltraining.C.Developingcomplexcharacters.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Makingaplanforaplay.B.Recruitingactorsforaplay.C.Announcingarrangementsforaplay.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.B【解析】【原文】Nowwehaveaprogramforthosewholoveacting.Thisprogramgivesyoungactorstheexperienceofdevelopingcomplexcharactersandperformingafull-lengthproductionwhilereceivingtop-leveltraining.Eachactorwillreceivearoleandwillbegiventimetoshineonthestageattheendoftheweek.Childrenagedbetween13and18cantakepartintheprogram.TheplayiswrittenbyLisaNanni-Messegee.ToddMessegeewillbethedirector.OnthefirstMondaywemeet,actorsactforsometimetofindasuitableroleintheplay.Bytheendoftheday,theybegindevelopingcharactersandlearningabouttheplay.Thiscontinuesthroughmid-week,alongwithfocusonspecialtyskillsthatmaybeneededintheproduction.Onthesedays,they’llreceivesometrainingonacting.ByThursday,theactorsarerunningtheshowoff-bookandmemorizingtheirmaterial.ByFriday,thewholegroupisperformingonstage,inarecordedperformance.Adigitalcopyoftheperformancewillbesharedwithactorsaftertheprogramiscomplete.Thisisaveryexcitingchallengeforanyactor!It’llbeginonJuly26thandendon30th.Practicingtimeisfrom9:00amto4:00pmeveryday.Onlytenwillbeadmitted.Ifyou’reinterested,contactusearly.Duetosafetyrestrictions,spaceisextremelylimitedineachagegroup.Registeringearlyisrecommended.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A StudyAreasinIowaStateUniversity’sLibraryQuietAreaThePeriodicalRoomonFloor2isaQuietZone,requiringanabsoluteminimumofnoiseanddistraction.Usersarecompletelybannedfromconversations(includingmobilephones),andnogroupworkisallowed.GroupStudyRooms•GroupstudyroomsmustbereservedonlineusingavalidUniversityaccountandaUniversityCardonafirst-come-first-servedbasis.•ThirteenroomsareavailableforgroupswantingtoworktogetherintheLibrary.•Reservationscanbemadeupto30daysinadvance.•Groupshave15minutesafterthestartoftheirreservationtoarrive.Ifagrouphasnotclaimedtheirstudyspacebythattimetheirreservationwillbecancelled.ResearchStudyRooms•Researchstudyroomsareassignedtoindividualusersforresearchandotherscholarlyactivitiesthatrequireextensiveuseoflibrarymaterials.•ApplicationscanbepickedupattheCirculationDeskintheLibraryorrequestoneviaemailatlibstudy@iastate.edu.•Thereisusuallyawaitinglistfortheserooms.Applicationsshouldbemadeinadvanceifpossible.Generally,theseroomsaresharedspacesbecauseofthehighlevelofdemand.•Essentialequipmentisprovidedforeachstudy,andadditionalequipmentmaynotbeaddedwithoutauthorization.TheLibraryisnotresponsibleforpersonalproperty(laptops,textbooks,notebooks,etc)leftintheserooms.AllLibraryrulesandregulationsapplytotheserooms.Foodandfruitareforbidden,thoughdrinksincovered,spill-proofcontainersarepermitted.•Attheendoftheassignedperiod,thekeyissuedforeachstudyroommustbereturnedpromptlytoCirculationstaffortheuserwillbebilled.21.WhatmaybesuggesteddoinginthePeriodicalRoom?A.Readinginsmallgroups.B.Havingadiscussioninalowvoice.C.Puttingone’sstuffinorder.D.Settingone’sphoneonsilentmode.22.Whatconditionshouldbemettobookagroupstudyroom?A.Possessinganactivestudentcard.B.Leavingphonesoutoftheroom.C.Groupsconsistingofover15members. D.Fillinginanapplicationform30daysearlier.23.WhatisprohibitedinaResearchStudyRoom?A.Personalcomputers.B.Bottledwater.C.Sandwiches.D.Studymaterials.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Iowa州立大学图书馆的不同分区。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据文章QuietArea部分内容“ThePeriodicalRoomonFloor2isaQuietZone,requiringanabsoluteminimumofnoiseanddistraction.Usersarecompletelybannedfromconversations(includingmobilephones),andnogroupworkisallowed.(二楼的期刊室是一个安静的区域,要求绝对的最小噪音和干扰。用户被完全禁止对话(包括手机),也不允许小组工作。)”可知,二楼的期刊室是一个安静的区域,要求绝对的最小噪音和干扰,故可推知其建议将手机调至静音模式,故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章GroupStudyRooms部分“GroupstudyroomsmustbereservedonlineusingavalidUniversityaccountandaUniversityCardonafirst-come-first-servedbasis.(小组自习室必须使用有效的大学账户和大学卡在线预订,遵循先到先得的原则。)”可知,想要预订小组自习室,需要持有有效的学生卡,故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章ResearchStudyRooms部分“Foodandfruitareforbidden,thoughdrinksincovered,spill-proofcontainersarepermitted.(食物和饮料是被禁止的,但饮料可以放在有盖的防溅容器里。)”可知,三明治是食物,是禁止带进的,故选C。BForalongtime,IkeptaselectionofbooksonashelfnexttomybedthatIcalledmy“heartbooks”.Toqualifyforaplaceontheshelf,abookhadtobenotonlyoneIloved,butonethatmattered.Therewasonebookthatnevermadeitontothatshelf,thoughIreaditinhighschool:WritingDowntheBonesbyNatalieGoldberg.IcanstillrememberthedayIboughtit.ItwassummerandImusthavebeen14or15.Desperatetogetoutofmyhouse,Irodemybikeintotownandwalkedintothebookstore.Iwasgoingthroughtheshelfofbooksonwritinganditcaughtmyeye.Ipickeditup,readafewpages,andboughtit.ThenItookitwithmetoapark,readthefirstfewchapters,andopenedmynotebooktowrite.It’safairlystraightforwardwritingbook.Goldberg’smethodissimple:youchooseatopic,setatimer,andwritefor10,15,or20minuteswithoutpickingupyourpen.Freewriting,timedwriting,writingtopics:anyonewho hastakenacreativewritingclassmayhaveencounteredthesethings.It’snotearth-shattering.TherewasnothingparticularlyneworunusualaboutthebooksoIcan’tsaywhyitattractedmesomuch.Butitchangedeverything.Iwentfrombeingsomeonewhoenjoyedwritingtobeingawriter.Duringmyteenyearsandearlytwenties,followingGoldberg’smethodwasatthecoreofmyidentity.NomatterwhereIwasorwhatIwasdoing,Ifillednotebooks.WhenIeventuallystartedwritingfiction,Ididthesamething.The“I”inmynotebooksbecamesomeoneelse,butIheldtothesamepractice.ThiswritingpracticeledmetoawritinggroupinBoston.Itledmetomycurrentcareer.Itledme,insomanyways,tomyself.Becomingawriterallowedmetobecomesomanyotherthings:anactivist,abusinessowner,afarmer,abaker...WritingiswhereIfoundmyconfidence.ItwaswhereIbecamecuriousabouttheworld.Fromthat,everythingelsehasfollowed.24.HowdidtheauthorencounterWritingDowntheBones?A.Byfollowingaselectionof“heartbooks”.B.Byreferringtoabooklistaboutwriting.C.ByrecommendationofNatalieGoldberg.D.Byseekingwritingbooksonabookshelf.25.Whatdoestheword“earth-shattering”underlinedinparagraph3mean?A.Remarkable.B.Useful.C.Controversial.D.Amusing.26.WhatcanweinferaboutWritingDowntheBones?A.Itinspiredtheauthortobeawriter.B.Itwasthefirstnoveltheauthorread.C.Itmadetheauthorstarttolovewriting.D.Itisoneofthebookstheauthorreadsmost.27.Whichofthefollowingisansweredbythelastparagraph?A.Whatistheauthor’slifelikerightnow?B.Whatdidtheauthordointhewritinggroup?C.Howhasthewritingpracticeshapedtheauthor?D.Whydidtheauthorgiveupthewritingpractice?【答案】24.D25.A26.A27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇回忆性散文。文章主要叙述作者阅读《WritingDowntheBones》这本书的经历,探讨写作对自己的影响,以及对自我成长、人生方向等主题的感悟。 【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“IcanstillrememberthedayIboughtit.ItwassummerandImusthavebeen14or15.Desperatetogetoutofmyhouse,Irodemybikeintotownandwalkedintothebookstore.Iwasgoingthroughtheshelfofbooksonwritinganditcaughtmyeye.Ipickeditup,readafewpages,andboughtit.(我仍然记得我买它的那天。那是一个夏天,我大概14或15岁。不顾一切地想离开我的房子,我骑着自行车进城,走进书店。我在翻阅书架上关于写作的书时,这本书引起了我的注意。我拿起它,读了几页,就买了下来。)”可知,作者是一次在书店在翻阅书架上关于写作的书时发现《WritingDowntheBones》这本书的。故选D。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“Freewriting,timedwriting,writingtopics:anyonewhohastakenacreativewritingclassmayhaveencounteredthesethings.(自由写作,定时写作,写作主题:任何上过创意写作课的人都可能遇到过这些事情。)”以及划线单词下一句“TherewasnothingparticularlyneworunusualaboutthebooksoIcan’tsaywhyitattractedmesomuch.(这本书并没有什么特别新颖或不同寻常的地方,所以我也说不出为什么它如此吸引我。)”可推测,划线单词指的应该是“极棒的、引人注目的”,和空前的“not”结合,指的是书中的方法并不是那么引人注目。选项A“Remarkable(引人注目)”;选项B“Useful(有用的)”;选项C“Controversial(有争议的)”;选项D“Amusing(有趣的)”。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Butitchangedeverything.Iwentfrombeingsomeonewhoenjoyedwritingtobeingawriter.(但它改变了一切。我从一个喜欢写作的人变成了一个作家。)”可知,《WritingDowntheBones》这本书改变了作者,使作者从一个喜欢写作的人变成了一个作家。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ThiswritingpracticeledmetoawritinggroupinBoston.Itledmetomycurrentcareer.Itledme,insomanyways,tomyself.Becomingawriterallowedmetobecomesomanyotherthings:anactivist,abusinessowner,afarmer,abaker...WritingiswhereIfoundmyconfidence.ItwaswhereIbecamecuriousabouttheworld.Fromthat,everythingelsehasfollowed.(这种写作练习让我加入了波士顿的一个写作小组。这让我有了现在的职业。在很多方面,它让我找回了自己。成为一名作家让我成为了许多其他的身份:一个活动家,一个企业主,一个农民,一个面包师……写作是我找到自信的地方。在那里,我开始对这个世界充满好奇。从那以后,其他一切都随之而来。)”可知,最后一段讲述的是这种写作练习使作者拥有了现在的职业,成为了一名作家,并且使作者成为了许多其他的身份:一个活动家,一个企业主,一个农民,一个面包师等。由此可推测,这一段回答了选项C“Howhasthewritingpracticeshapedtheauthor?(写作练习如何塑造了作者?)”这一问题。故选C。 CPersonalityusedtobeaone-per-customerdeal:likeitornot,youwerewhoyouwere,andlyingtoapenpalwasabouttheclosestyoucouldgettohaveadifferentego.Thatwasthen.WiththeappearanceofMySpace,Facebook,andothersocialnetworkingsites,asecond,carefullycraftedidentityisnowavailabletoanyonewithanInternetconnection.Andthathaspsychologistswonder:justhowwelldotheseonlinepersonalitiesmatchthepersonsittingatthekeyboard?Theanswer,itturnsout,isprettywell.Inarecentstudyof133undergraduateswithFacebookprofiles,UniversityofTexaspsychologistSamuelD.Goslingmeasuredthecorrelationbetweenpersonalitytestsonlineandoff,andfound—contrarytotheassumptionthatsocialnetworkingsitescan’tcaptureone’sfeatures—thatthestudentsrepresentedthemselvesquitefaithfully.Goslingsurveyedthegrouponastandardfive-pointpersonalitytest,whichmeasuresextroversion(外向性),agreeableness,senseofresponsibility,emotionalstability,andopennesstonewexperiences.ThenheratedthesamesubjectsbasedonlyontheirFacebookprofiles,whichusuallyincludedphotosandlistsofinterests,fromacademicmajorstofavoritebooksandmovies.Goslingfoundacorrelationbetweenassessmentsinfourofthefivecategories,withemotionalstabilityastheonlyoneshowingnosignificantresultsacrosspersonalandonlineassessments.(Goslingsayshewasnotsurprisedatthelatter,sinceemotionalstabilityissomethingthatpeoplearegoodathidingacrossmostmedia.)Whileextroversionshowedthehighestcorrelation,thestudysuggeststhat“opennesstonewexperience”isperhapsbetterconveyedonlinethaninperson.“Facebookusersdon’ttendtoputalotofpersonalinformationontheirpages,”Goslingsays,sosomeonewhopostedtouchingpersonalstories,forexample,mightcomeoffasoversharingwithoutintendingto.Inshort,saysGosling,Facebookusersaren’tgenerallyusingthesiteasanimagebuffer,aresumeenhancer,oraseparateself.“Theyjustuseitasamediumforsociallife.”28.Whatistheusualassumptionaboutsocialnetworkingsites?A.Theyprovidegoodstudyplatforms.B.Theycontaintotallyfakeinformation.C.Theycouldn’tshowone’srealnature.D.Theyarefriendlytovariouspersonalities.29.Whichshowednoconnectionbetweenpersonalitytestsonlineandoff?A.Opennesstonewexperience.B.Extroversion.C.Senseofresponsibility.D.Emotionalstability. 30.WhydoFacebookusersstaytruetothemselvesonline?A.Truepersonalitybeautifiesimage.B.Thesiteisamediumforsociallife.C.Onlycheatsinvestinafalseidentity.D.Variousinterestscanbesharedthere.31.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroduceafinding.B.Toofferarecommendation.C.Todefendaviewpoint.D.Topresentaphenomenon.【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了心里学家通过实验证明Facebook用户总是在网上是保持自我,他们在线上和线下的性格匹配的很好,因为他们只是将网络当作社交生活的媒介。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Inarecentstudyof133undergraduateswithFacebookprofiles,UniversityofTexaspsychologistSamuelD.Goslingmeasuredthecorrelationbetweenpersonalitytestsonlineandoff,andfound—contrarytotheassumptionthatsocialnetworkingsitescan’tcaptureone’sfeatures—thatthestudentsrepresentedthemselvesquitefaithfully.(得克萨斯大学的心理学家SamuelD.Goslin最近对133名拥有Facebook资料的本科生进行了一项研究,他测量了线上和线下人格测试的关系,并发现,与社交无法捕捉一个人的特征的假设相反,学生们如实地表现了自己。)”可知,关于社交网站,常见的假设是网上无法正确地判定一个人的性格特征,因此网络不能表现出一个人的真实本性,故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Goslingfoundacorrelationbetweenassessmentsinfourofthefivecategories,withemotionalstabilityastheonlyoneshowingnosignificantresultsacrosspersonalandonlineassessments.(Gosling发现,五个类别中,有四个类别的评估之间存在相关性,情绪稳定性是唯一一个在个人与在线评估中没有显著结果的类别。)”可知,情绪稳定性在线上和线下的测试中没有关联性,故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Inshort,saysGosling,Facebookusersaren’tgenerallyusingthesiteasanimagebuffer,aresumeenhancer,oraseparateself.“Theyjustuseitasamediumforsociallife.”(简而言之,Facebook的用户通常不会将该网站用作形象缓冲,简历的提升或者是独立的自我。“他们只是把它作为社交生活的媒介”。)”可知,Facebook 的用户只是将网络作为社交生活的媒介,因此他们在网上保持自我,故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段末“Andthathaspsychologistswonder:justhowwelldotheseonlinepersonalitiesmatchthepersonsittingatthekeyboard?(这让心理学家们想知道:这些在线的个性与坐在键盘胖的人到底匹配得多好?)”可知,第一段末提出问题,这些人在线上的个性与本人到底匹配多少,第二段“Theanswer,itturnsout,isprettywell.(事实证明,答案是很好。)”回答问题,并说明心理学家实验的过程,证明Facebook用户总是在网上是保持自我,因为他们只是将网络当做社交生活的媒介,故本文主要目的是为了介绍心理学家的发现,故选A。DTherearecloseto7,000languagesspokenonEarth.However,it’sestimatedthatbytheendofthiscentury,upto50%ofthemmaybelost.It’scommonlythoughtthatmajoritylanguagestendtobevaluedforbeingusefulandforpromotingprogress,whileminoritylanguagesareseenasbarrierstoprogress,andthevalueplacedonthemisseenmainlyassentimental(感情用事的).Butissentimentalityreallytheonlymotivationforpreservinglanguagediversity?Speakersofendangeredlanguagesoftenliveinremoteareaswithuniquelandform.Itisquitecommonfortheselanguagestodistinguishbetweenhundredsmoretypesofplantsandanimalsthanthoseknowntomodernscience.Forexample,inSoutheastAsia,sometribeshavediscoveredthemedicinalpropertiesofoversixty-fivehundredplantspecies.Thishasledtomanyoflandmarkachievementsinmedicine.Itwasoncebelievedthatthelimitsofone’slanguagedefinedthelimitsofone’sthought.Thistheory,calledtheSapir-Wharfhypothesis(假说),hasbeenlargelyrejectedinfavoroftheimprovedversion,whichassumesthatthelanguagewespeakdoesnotsetthelimitsofourthoughts,butitdoesdirectourfocusincertainways.Forexample,Englishisatense-basedlanguage.It’snearlyimpossibletotalkaboutdoingsomethingwithoutspecifyingthetime—i.e.Iwenttotheparty(past),I’mgoingtotheparty(present),orI’llgototheparty(future).ThisdiffersfromChinese,whereit’sperfectlyreasonabletosay,“Igototheparty”withoutdefiningthe“when”.Thus,partoftherichnessoflanguageisthatitallowsustoorganizetheworldinsomanyuniqueways.Somelanguagescategorizetheworldinwayssodifferentfromourownthattheyaredifficulttoconceptualize(概念化).TheUnitedStatesemployednativeNavajospeakerstocreateasystemofmessagecodingduringtheSecondWorldWar.TheJapanesewereneverabletobreakit,andthe“codetalkers”areoftencitedtodayashavinghelpeddecidetheoutcomeofthewar.Aswe’vealreadyseen,minoritylanguagesarevaluableformanypracticalreasons.Inconclusion,I’dsaytheshortanswerisyes—dyinglanguagesarecertainlyworthsaving! 32.Whatdopeopletendtothinkofminoritylanguages?A.Valueless.B.Time-honored.C.Informal.D.Stable.33.Howcanwebenefitfromendangeredlanguagesaccordingtotheauthor?A.Wecandiscoverdrugsinamuchsaferway.B.Wedon’thavetorelyonmodernmedicine.C.Wecanacquireabroadknowledgeofnature.D.Wecanlearnhowtoprotectplantsandanimals.34.WhydoestheauthormentiontheSecondWorldWar?A.TocorrecttheSapir-Wharfhypothesis.B.Toprovethevalueofminoritylanguages.C.Toshowwars’roleinpreservingalanguage.D.Toexplainwaystoconservesomelanguages.35.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Aremajoritylanguagesworthvaluing?B.Arewewillingtosavedyinglanguages?C.Shouldendangeredlanguagesbesaved?D.Isthefutureofminoritylanguagesbright?【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了少数语言以及一些濒危的语言被看作是感情用事,但却举例论证濒危的语言对社会在历史上以及现在带来的好处。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’scommonlythoughtthatmajoritylanguagestendtobevaluedforbeingusefulandforpromotingprogress,whileminoritylanguagesareseenasbarrierstoprogress,andthevalueplacedonthemisseenmainlyassentimental(感情用事的).(人们普遍认为,多数语言往往因有用和促进进步而受到重视,而少数语言则被视为进步的障碍,对它们的重视主要被视为感情用事的。)”可知,少数语言被视为进步的障碍,是没有价值的,故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Forexample,inSoutheastAsia,sometribeshavediscoveredthemedicinalpropertiesofoversixty-fivehundredplantspecies.Thishasledtomanyoflandmarkachievementsinmedicine.(例如,在东南亚,一些部落已经发现了6500 多种植物的药用特性。这带来了医学上许多里程碑意义的成就。)”可知,一些濒危的语言可以帮助人们在特定的领域拓宽知识,故我们可以通过濒危的语言来拓宽自然的知识,故选C。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Somelanguagescategorizetheworldinwayssodifferentfromourownthattheyaredifficulttoconceptualize(概念化).TheUnitedStatesemployednativeNavajospeakerstocreateasystemofmessagecodingduringtheSecondWorldWar.TheJapanesewereneverabletobreakit,andthe“codetalkers”areoftencitedtodayashavinghelpeddecidetheoutcomeofthewar.(一些语言以与我们截然不同的方式将世界分类,以至于很难将它概念化。二战期间,美国故用了以纳瓦霍语为母语的人来创建一个信息编码系统。日本人从来没能破解它,今天人们常常引用“密码通话员”,因为它帮助了决定这场战争的结果。)”可知,文章提到二战是为了证明纳瓦霍语在二战中起到的关键性的作用,使得日本人无法破解,从而带来了战争的胜利,故其是为了证明一些少数语言的价值,故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“It’scommonlythoughtthatmajoritylanguagestendtobevaluedforbeingusefulandforpromotingprogress,whileminoritylanguagesareseenasbarrierstoprogress,andthevalueplacedonthemisseenmainlyassentimental(感情用事的).Butissentimentalityreallytheonlymotivationforpreservinglanguagediversity?(人们普遍认为,多数语言往往因有用和促进进步而受到重视,而少数语言则被视为进步的障碍,对它们的重视主要被视为感情用事的。但是感情用事真的是保持语言多样性的唯一动机吗?)”可知,文章提出了少数语言以及一些濒危的语言被看作是感情用事,文章从第三段举例论证濒危的语言对社会在历史上以及现在带来的好处,故C项“濒危语言应该被保存下来吗?”符合文章标题,故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wealllosemotivationfromtimetotime.We’rehumanbeings,notmachines,andwedon’talwayspossessthesteamweneedtokeepgoing.____36____Fromgettingridofdistractions,remindingyourselfofyourgoals,totakingawell-deservedbreaktorechargeyourbatteries,thisarticlewillexploretipstohelpyourestoreyourdrive.____37____Beforedevotingtimetoanyspecificendeavor(努力),makesureyouknowexactlywhatyou’resettingouttodo—andwhenyouhopetoaccomplishit.Apartfromsettingachievabletargets,youshouldalsoestablishregularcheckpointstotrackyourprogress.Ifyouarefallingbehindwithyourgoals,itmaybethekickstartyouneedtohelpgetyoubackontrack.Giveyourselfbreaks.Sometimes,eventhemostdeterminedpeoplegetoverwhelmed.Youmaybeburning yourselfout,andamuch-neededbreakmightbejustwhatyouneedtohelpyouachieveyourgoal.Ifit’satschool,forexample,don’ttrytodoallyourworkinonesitting,butstretchitoutoverthecourseoftheday.____38____Don’tbetoohardonyourself.Everyonefallsshortsometimes.Ifyoufailtomeetyourgoalsfortheweek,takeitasalesson.Trytocompleteyournexttargetbeforetime,sothatyoucanusethesavedtimetocompletethedelayedwork.____39____Don’tdwellonfailure;justacceptit,andcontinueworkingtowardsyourgoals.Surroundyourselfwithpositivepeople.Developinganetworkofsupportiveandinspiringfriendsandmentorscanmakeitaloteasiertostaymotivatedandachieveyourgoals.Reachouttoclassmatesinyourfieldoryourfavoriteprofessorsorbossesforadviceandprofessionalsupport—andmakeapointtostayintouch.____40____A.Developascheduleof“checkpoint”goals.B.Setmanageablegoalswithrealisticdeadlines.C.Thankfully,therearewaystohelpyoufeelmotivatedagain.D.Ifyou’reexcellinginyourprogress,you’llfeelmoremotivated.E.Thisway,you’llstayrightonscheduleevenifyouhavetakenahit.F.They’llbeabletoofferwisdom,encouragement,andevenopportunities.G.Ifit’safitnessgoal,takeafour-dayrestinsteadofanormaltwo-dayone.【答案】36.C37.B38.G39.E40.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了当人们生活中失去动力时,重新获得动力的方法。【36题详解】根据前文“Wealllosemotivationfromtimetotime.We’rehumanbeings,notmachines,andwedon’talwayspossessthesteamweneedtokeepgoing.(我们都会时不时地失去动力。我们是人,不是机器,我们并不总是拥有继续前进所需的动力)”以及后文“Fromgettingridofdistractions,remindingyourselfofyourgoals,totakingawell-deservedbreaktorechargeyourbatteries,thisarticlewillexploretipstohelpyourestoreyourdrive.(从摆脱干扰,提醒自己你的目标,到好好休息一下充电,这篇文章将探索帮助你恢复动力的技巧)”可知,前文是讲我们并不总是拥有继续前进所需的动力,后文提到恢复动力的方法,所以空处应是过渡句,C项“Thankfully,therearewaystohelpyoufeelmotivatedagain.(值得庆幸的是,有一些方法可以帮助你重新获得动力)”符合文意,承接上文,引出下文。故选C项。【37题详解】设空位于段首,是本段的中心句,根据后文“Beforedevotingtimetoanyspecificendeavor(努力),makesureyouknowexactlywhatyou’resettingouttodo—andwhenyouhopetoaccomplish it.(在投入时间做任何具体的努力之前,确保你确切地知道你要做什么——以及你希望什么时候完成它)”可知,本段主要讲述了做事前,要设立目标以及完成的时间,所以B项“Setmanageablegoalswithrealisticdeadlines.(设定可管理的目标和现实的截止日期)”是本段的中心句。故选B项。【38题详解】根据前文“Giveyourselfbreaks.Sometimes,eventhemostdeterminedpeoplegetoverwhelmed.Youmaybeburningyourselfout,andamuch-neededbreakmightbejustwhatyouneedtohelpyouachieveyourgoal.Ifit’satschool,forexample,don’ttrytodoallyourworkinonesitting,butstretchitoutoverthecourseoftheday.(让自己休息一下。有时候,即使是最坚定的人也会不知所措。你可能会把自己搞得精疲力尽,而你急需的休息可能正是帮助你实现目标所需要的。例如,如果是在学校,不要试图一次完成所有的工作,而是在一天的课程中扩展它)”可知,本段讲述了偶尔让自己休息一下,后举例说明,所以G项“Ifit’safitnessgoal,takeafour-dayrestinsteadofanormaltwo-dayone.(如果这是一个健身的目标,休息四天而不是正常的两天)”也是对休息的举例。故选G项。【39题详解】根据前文“Don’tbetoohardonyourself.Everyonefallsshortsometimes.Ifyoufailtomeetyourgoalsfortheweek,takeitasalesson.Trytocompleteyournexttargetbeforetime,sothatyoucanusethesavedtimetocompletethedelayedwork.(不要对自己太苛刻。每个人都有失败的时候。如果你没有达到本周的目标,把它当作一个教训。尽量提前完成你的下一个目标,这样你就可以用节省下来的时间来完成推迟的工作)”可知,此处讲述不要太逼迫自己,然后举例如果没有达到本周的目标的解决方法,所以E项“Thisway,you’llstayrightonscheduleevenifyouhavetakenahit.(这样,即使你受到了打击,你也能按时完成任务)”是前文方法的结果,符合文意。故选E项。【40题详解】设空位于段尾,是对前文的总结,根据前文“Surroundyourselfwithpositivepeople.Developinganetworkofsupportiveandinspiringfriendsandmentorscanmakeitaloteasiertostaymotivatedandachieveyourgoals.Reachouttoclassmatesinyourfieldoryourfavoriteprofessorsorbossesforadviceandprofessionalsupport—andmakeapointtostayintouch.(和积极的人在一起。建立一个由支持和激励你的朋友和导师组成的网络,可以让你更容易保持动力,实现你的目标。向你所在领域的同学或你最喜欢的教授或老板寻求建议和专业支持,并注意保持联系)”可知,本段讲述和积极的人在一起可以激发你的动力,所以F项“They’llbeabletoofferwisdom,encouragement,andevenopportunities.(他们会给你智慧,鼓励,甚至机会)”讲述了积极的人能帮助你的方面,是对前文的总结。故选F项。第三部分:语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Beingamomoffivechildrenisnoeasytask,butbeingasinglemomoffivechildrenandgraduatinglawschoolwithhonors?Well,that’sabsolutelyremarkable.IeshiaChampsisthatmother,appearinginherlocalnews,forher____41____storyofgoingfromgrowingupinfostercare(抚育院)tobecominga____42____mothertofivechildrentograduatingwithhonors.Champs’storyisfulloftwistsandturns:sheherselfhada(n)____43____childhood,growingupinfostercare,withnostablefamily,____44____fromhometohome.Atonepoint,she____45____schoolandwasevenhomelessin8thgrade.Attheageof29,shehadher5thchildandthen,aseriesof____46____:hermotherdied,herchildren’sfather____47____fromadeadlycancer,housewasburntdown,andshewasindespair.In2009,atthe____48____ofthechurchmemberswhowerealwayssupportive,sheachievedherGED(GeneralEducationalDevelopment)andthen,keptgoing.Althoughmakingitthroughherdegreeprogramwasa_______49_______—herkids_____50_____hearinghercryandworkingtogethertomakemealssoshecouldhavetimetokeep_____51_____—shekeptgoing.Whenshegraduatedfromlawschool,Champsposedforpictureswithher_____52_____,alldisplayingchalkboardsignsthat_____53_____thebigday.Champs’chalkboardread“Ididit!”whileherchildrenannounceddifferent____54____messagesthatreflectedthejourneytheentirefamilyhadbeenon,like“Ihelped!”and“Wedidit!”and“Metoo!”The_____55_____quicklywentviralonline,sharingherstorywiththerestoftheworld.41.A.inspiringB.interestingC.frighteningD.surprising42.A.belovedB.full-timeC.selflessD.single43.A.adventurousB.difficultC.magicalD.precious44.A.workingB.visitingC.bouncingD.exploring45.A.attendedB.quitC.finishedD.operated46.A.testsB.failuresC.conflictsD.misfortunes47.A.passedawayB.passedoutC.gotawayD.burntout48.A.mercyB.requestC.encouragementD.invitation49.A.successB.dreamC.struggleD.fortune50.A.resistedB.recalledC.escapedD.avoided51.A.changingB.growingC.studyingD.searching52.A.churchmembersB.motherC.childrenD.friends 53.A.celebratedB.preparedC.enjoyedD.featured54.A.clearB.supportiveC.importantD.secret55.A.journeyB.childrenC.picturesD.videos【答案】41.A42.D43.B44.C45.B46.D47.A48.C49.C50.B51.C52.C53.A54.B55.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了有五个孩子的单亲妈妈不仅将孩子照顾得好,而且还以优异的成绩毕业于法学院。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:IeshiaChamps就是那样的妈妈,当地的报纸报道了她,是因为她的励志故事,她在寄养家庭长大到成为五个孩子的单亲妈妈,再到以优异的成绩毕业的故事。A.inspiring励志的,鼓励人心的;B.interesting有趣的;C.frightening吓人的,令人害怕的;D.surprising令人惊讶的。根据后文“storyofgoingfromgrowingupinfostercare(抚育院)tobecominga____2____mothertofivechildrentograduatingwithhonors.”可知,她从小在寄养家庭长大,又是五个孩子的单亲妈妈,却以优异的成绩毕业于法学院,故这个故事是励志的,故选A。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.beloved挚爱的;B.full-time全职的;C.selfless无私的;D.single单个的,单亲的。根据前文的提示的词义复现“Beingamomoffivechildrenisnoeasytask,butbeingasinglemomoffivechildrenandgraduatinglawschoolwithhonors?”可知,此处指单亲妈妈,故选D。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Champs的故事充满了曲折:她自己的童年很难,在寄养家庭长大,没有稳定的家庭,从一个家住到另一个家。A.adventurous冒险的;B.difficult困难的,不容易的;C.magical魔法的;D.precious珍贵的。根据后文“growingupinfostercare,withnostablefamily,____4____fromhometohome.”可知,她在寄养家庭长大,没有稳定的家庭,从一个家庭到另一个家庭,故她的童年很难,故选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.working工作;B.visiting参观;C.bouncing来回弹,弹,跳;D.exploring探索。根据前文“growingupinfostercare,withnostablefamily”可知,她在寄养家庭长大,没有稳定的家庭,故从一个家庭到另一个家庭之间来回住,故选C。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:在一段时间,她五岁辍学,在八年级甚至无家可归。A.attended 上(学),参加;B.quit停止;C.finished完成;D.operated操作。根据后文“andwasevenhomelessin8thgrade.”可知,甚至在八年级就无家可归,故五岁时应该是辍学,停止上学,故选B。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在29岁时,她生下了第五个孩子,然后就遇到了一系列的不幸:她母亲去世了,孩子们的父亲死于癌症,房子也被烧毁了,她一度陷入绝望。A.tests测试;B.failures失败;C.conflicts矛盾;D.misfortunes不幸的(事)。根据后文“hermotherdied,herchildren’sfather____7____fromadeadlycancer,housewasburntdown,andshewasindespair.”可知,她母亲去世了,孩子们的父亲死于癌症,房子也被烧毁了,这一切都是发生在她身上的不幸的事情,故选D。【47题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:同上。A.passedaway去世;B.passedout昏倒;C.gotaway离开;D.burntout疲惫不堪。根据空后“fromadeadlycancer”可知,此为致命的癌症,故此处指死于癌症,故选A。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在总是支持她的教友的鼓励下,她获得了GED,并继续前进。A.mercy可怜,仁慈;B.request要求;C.encouragement鼓励;D.invitation邀请。根据后文的“whowerealwayssupportive”可知,这些教友一直支持她,故此处指在教友的鼓励下,故选C。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:虽然完成她的学业是一场斗争——她的孩子们回忆起她的哭声,并一起做饭,这样她就有时间继续学习——但她坚持了下来。A.success成功;B.dream梦想;C.struggle挣扎,斗争;D.fortune幸运,运气。根据后文“herkids____10____hearinghercryandworkingtogethertomakemealssoshecouldhavetimetokeep____11____”可知,她的孩子回忆起她在这个过程中哭泣,且孩子要帮助做饭,故这个过程是一场斗争,故选C。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.resisted抵抗;B.recalled回忆;C.escaped逃离;D.avoided避免。根据空后“hearinghercryandworkingtogethertomakemealssoshecouldhavetimetokeep____11____”可知,孩子们此处是回忆起她在求学过程中遇到的困难,故选B。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.changing改变;B.growing种植;C.studying学习。D.searching搜寻。根据前文“makingitthroughherdegreeprogram”可知,完成她的学业是一场斗争,因为她需要照顾五个孩子,但孩子很懂事,一起做饭让她拥有更多学习的时间,故选C。【52题详解】 考查名词(短语)词义辨析。句意:当她从法学院毕业时,Champs将她和孩子们的合影贴在黑板上,所有的黑板都有庆祝这个重要日子的标志。A.churchmembers教友;B.mother母亲;C.children孩子;D.friends朋友。根据后文“whileherchildrenannounceddifferent___14___messagesthatreflectedthejourneytheentirefamilyhadbeenon”可知,然而她的孩子却表达着不同的信息,这些信息反映着这一家人在这个过程中所做的事情,故此处指她和孩子的照片,故选C。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.celebrated庆祝;B.prepared准备;C.enjoyed喜欢,欣赏;D.featured以……为特色。根据空后“thebigday”可知,此处指Champs毕业这一天,故指庆祝这一重要的时间,故选A。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:黑板上写着“我做到了!”然而她孩子们则表达了不同的支持信息,这些信息反映了这个家庭的经历,比如说“我帮忙了!”和“我们成功了”,以及“我也是”!A.clear清楚的;B.supportive支持性的;C.important重要的;D.secret秘密的。根据后文“thatreflectedthejourneytheentirefamilyhadbeenon,like“Ihelped!”and“Wedidit!”and“Metoo!””可知,这些信息反映了这个家庭的经历,比如说“我帮忙了!”和“我们成功了”,以及“我也是”,故这些信息是支持性的,故选B。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些图片迅速传播开来,把她的故事在全世界分享。A.journey旅程;B.children孩子;C.pictures图片;D.videos视频。根据前文的词义复现“Champsposedforpictureswithher____12____,alldisplayingchalkboardsignsthat____13____thebigday.”可知,此处指她和孩子的那些反映他求学的过程的那些图片,故选C。第Ⅱ卷第三部分:语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)语法填空ThereisanextremelyinformativebookonbaijiucalledTheEssentialGuidetoChineseSpirits,byDerekSandhaus,that____56____(explore)thehistoryandproductionofbaijiuinvividandlivelydetail.Sandhaustracestheinventionofbaijiubackathousandyears,____57____eithertradersfromtheMiddleEast____58____invadersfromMongoliaintroducedtheconceptofdistillation(蒸馏)tothemainland.Baijiuisidentified____59____smellintofourmaincategories:nongxiang(strongscent),qingxiang(lightscent),jiangxiang(saucescent),andmixiang(ricescent). ZhouEnlai,thefirstPremierofChina,wassotakenwithKweichouMaotai,asaucescent-stylebaijiu,thatit____60____(name)China’sNationalLiquor,necessaryatstatedinners.Duetolimitedproductionandpopularity,KweichouMaotaicannowfetchhundredsofdollars____61____bottle.Thereareafew____62____(requirement)thatuniteallofthesespiritswhilealsodistinguishingthemfromWesterndrinks,____63____(chief)thatbaijiuisproducedinaprocessknownassolid-statefermentation(固态发酵).Whenyoufirstdrinkbaijiu,it’shotenoughtomakeyouclutchyourchest,____64____(set)yourmouth,throat,andnoseonfirebeforeleavingyouwith_____65_____(it)lingeringtaste—sofragrantandcomplex,itreachesintoyoursoul.【答案】56.explores57when58.or59.by60.wasnamed61.a62.requirements63.chiefly64.setting65.its【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国白酒的相关信息。【56题详解】考查时态。句意:德里克·桑德豪斯(DerekSandhaus)写了一本关于白酒的书,内容非常丰富,名为《中国烈酒基本指南》,书中生动生动地探讨了白酒的历史和生产过程。先行词为“TheEssentialGuidetoChineseSpirits”作定语从句的主语,定语从句陈述事实,用一般现在时。故填explores。【57题详解】考查定语从句。句意:桑德豪斯将白酒的发明追溯到一千年前,当时来自中东的商人或来自蒙古的入侵者将蒸馏的概念引入了中国大陆。先行词为athousandyears,在定语从句中做时间状语,关系副词为when。故填when。【58题详解】考查连词。句意:桑德豪斯将白酒的发明追溯到一千年前,当时来自中东的商人或来自蒙古的入侵者将蒸馏的概念引入了中国大陆。分析句意可知,前后句为选择关系。故填or。【59题详解】考查介词。句意:根据气味,白酒可以分为四大类:浓香(强烈的气味)、清香(清淡的气味) 、酱香和米香。本句为被动语态结构:bedoneby。故填by。【60题详解】考查时态语态。句意:中国第一任总理周恩来非常喜欢贵州茅台,这是一种酱味白酒,被命名为中国国酒,是国宴上的必需品。主语it与谓语name为被动关系,陈述过去的事实,为一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasnamed。【61题详解】考查冠词。句意:由于产量有限和受欢迎程度,贵州茅台现在可以卖到几百美元一瓶。表示“一瓶酒”,bottle首字母的发音为辅音音素,故填a。【62题详解】考查名词。句意:有一些要求将所有这些烈酒联合起来,同时也将它们与西方饮品区分开来,主要是白酒是在固态发酵过程中生产出来的。afew后接名词复数。故填requirements。【63题详解】考查副词。句意:有一些要求将所有这些烈酒联合起来,同时也将它们与西方饮品区分开来,主要是白酒是在固态发酵过程中生产出来的。副词作状语修饰句子。故填chiefly。【64题详解】考查非谓语。句意:当你第一次喝白酒时,它的热度足以让你紧紧抓住胸口,让你的嘴、喉咙和鼻子着火,然后留给你挥之不去的味道——如此芳香和复杂,它直达你的灵魂。空处为非谓语,用现在分词作结果状语,表示一种自然而然的结果。故填setting。【65题详解】考查代词。句意:当你第一次喝白酒时,它的热度足以让你紧紧抓住胸口,让你的嘴、喉咙和鼻子着火,然后留给你挥之不去的味道——如此芳香和复杂,它直达你的灵魂。形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词。故填its。第四部分:写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节:应用文写作(满分15分)66.假定你是李华,校英语演讲比赛正在招募主持人,你校交换生Chris想竞聘但又很犹豫,请你写一封邮件,内容包括:1.鼓励竞聘;2.你的理由。注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 DearChris,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearChris,Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.Knowingthatyou’rehesitatingaboutwhethertobeahostoftheupcomingEnglishSpeechContest,Iwanttodropyouaquicknotetosay,goforit!Firstly,youryouthfulvigor,enthusiasmandexcellentcommunicationskillsmakeyouanidealcandidate.Yourpresenceonstagealwaysengagestheaudience,andthat’savaluablequalityforahost.Moreover,yourpassionforlanguageandexpressionwillundoubtedlyshinethrough,inspiringothers.Plus,thiscouldbeanawesomechanceforyoutodevelopyourpublicspeakingskillsfurther.Iknowtryingsomethingnewcanbenerve-wracking,buttrustme,you’llrockit!Believeinyourself,taketheleap,andwhoknowswhatgreatthingscouldcomefromit?Yours,LiHu【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生写一封邮件鼓励交换生Chris参加英语演讲比赛的主持人招募赛。【详解】1.词汇积累:即将到来的:upcoming→approaching/imminent而且:moreover→additionally/inaddition/what’smore热情:passion→enthusiasm/ardour/zeal绝对地:undoubtedly→absolutely2.句式拓展:原句:Yourpresenceonstagealwaysengagestheaudience,andthat’savaluablequalityforahost.拓展句:Yourpresenceonstagealwaysengagestheaudience,whichisavaluablequalityforahost. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowingthatyou’rehesitatingaboutwhethertobeahostoftheupcomingEnglishSpeechContest,Iwanttodropyouaquicknotetosay,goforit!(运用了现在分词作状语以及疑问词+todo作宾语。)【高分句型2】Believeinyourself,taketheleap,andwhoknowswhatgreatthingscouldcomefromit?(运用了what引导宾语从句。)第二节:读后续写(满分25分)67.阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。IfirstbegantowonderwhatIwasdoingonacollegecampuswhenmyparentsdroveoff,leavingmewithawordofwish“Beyourself,andenjoyyouruniversitylifetothefullest!”However,nomatterhowmatureIlikedtoconsidermyself,Iwasfeelingjustabitfirst-gradish.Ithoughteveryoneoncampuswaswatchingme.MyplanwastokeepmyearsopenandmymouthshutandhopenoonewouldnoticethatIwasafreshman.Withthatthoughtinmind,Iraisedmyhead,squaredmyshoulders,andsetouttomydorm,glancingsocarefullyatthecampusmapgraspedinmyhand.Everythingdone,IspenttheafternoonseekingouteachofmyclassroomssothatIcouldmakeaperfectlytimedentrancebeforeeachlecturewithouthavingtoasksillyquestionsaboutit.ThenextmorningIfoundmyfirstclassandwentin.OnceIwasintheroom,however,anotherproblemawaitedme.Wheretosit?Freshmenguidebooksadvisedsittingnearthefront,showingtheprofessorinintelligentandenergeticbehavior.Thinkingforseveralminutes,Ichoseaseatinthefirstrowandtotheside.Iwasintheforeground(asadvised),butoutoftheprofessor’sdirectlineofvision.IopenedmybookofAmericanLiterature.“WelcometoBiology101,”theprofessorbegan.Acoldsweatbrokeoutonthebackofmyneck.Ilookedatmyscheduleandcheckedtheroomnumber.Iwasintherightroom.Justthewrongbuilding.Sonowwhat?Getupandleaveinthemiddleofthelecture?Ikneweveryonewouldstare.Forgetit.Isettledintomychairandtriedtopretendthroughthewholeclass.AfterclassIdecidedmystomachneededalittlenourishment(营养),andIhurriedtothecafeteria.IpiledmytraywithsandwichandwasheadingforthesaladbarwhenIaccidentallysteppedinalargepuddleofketchup(番茄酱).Keepingmyselfuprightandgettingoutofthemesswasnotgoingtobeeasy,andthisbeneathmyfeetwasdoingnogood.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Justatthatmoment,Itotallylostmybalance. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________OnceIrecognizedthatIhadnoone’sexpectationstoliveuptobutmyown,Irelaxed.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Justatthatmoment,Itotallylostmybalance.AsIfelldown,myfacewasburning.HowstupidIwas!Allthestudentsinthecafeteriagiggled.SlowlyIpickedmyselfupwithhugeembarrassmentandsneakedoutofthecafeteriaasthecheersdieddownbehindme.Forseveraldays,Ilivedoninstantnoodlesinmydorm.Oneday,whenIwasheadingtothedormafterclass,Inoticedafamousfootballplayerstupidlyfalloffhisbike,withcrowdsstaringathim.Butoutofmyexpectation,hejustliftedthebikeupandwentonhisway.Whatashame!WhywouldIpretendtobematuresinceIwasafreshman?Whowouldmakenomistakesoncampus?Justforgetaboutallthepretension.OnceIrecognizedthatIhadnoone’sexpectationstoliveuptobutmyown,Irelaxed.Igaveuptryingtoactmywaythroughcollege(thiswasn’tdramaschool)andbegannotactingatall.College,Idecided,wasprobablytheonlytimeIwouldbecompletelyforgivenformassivemistakes(includingsteppinginpuddlesofketchupanddroppingfoodtrays).SoIusedtheopportunitytomakealltheonesIthoughtI’dnevermake.Threeyearsaftergraduation,I’mstillmakingmistakesandcausingproblems.AndI’mevenbeingforgivenforafew.【解析】【导语】本文以时间为线索展开,讲述了作者大学开始时的经历,作者想要做自己,尽情享受大学生活,又因为自己是大一学生,没有自信。作者努力的研究地图,以便找到上课的教室,但是第二天早上还是走错教室,去食堂吃饭,踩到了番茄酱失去了平衡的故事。【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句“就在那时,我完全失去了平衡”和第二段首句“一旦我意识到,除了自己的期望,我不需要满足任何人的期望,我就放松了。”可知,第一段可描述作者摔倒后的窘迫,收到的影响,以及后来看到别人也会犯愚蠢的错误,从而感悟到自己没有必要满足别人的期待,做自己就好。②由第二段首句“一旦我意识到,除了自己的期望,我不需要满足任何人的期望,我就放松了。”可知,第二段可描写作者放下包袱以后不再表演,开始做自己,在大学里犯了以后不会再犯的错误,后来还是会犯错误。2.续写线索摔倒——尴尬被嘲笑——看到别人尴尬的犯错误——顿悟——做自己——放弃了假装和表演——犯错误——被谅解3词汇激活行为类①站起来:pickmyselfup/standup②以……为食:liveon/feedon③决定:decide/makeadecision情绪类①尴尬:myfacewasburning/Iwasveryembarrassed②谅解:forgive/makeallowancefor/pardon【点睛】【高分句型1】Oneday,whenIwasheadingtothedormafterclass,Inoticedafamousfootballplayerstupidlyfalloffhisbike,withcrowdsstaringathim.(运用了when引导时间状语从句,省略了that的宾语从句和with独立主格)【高分句型2】SoIusedtheopportunitytomakealltheonesIthoughtI’dnevermake.(运用了不定式作定语,省略了关系词的定语从句)
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