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1、RenaissanceovervieworiginscharacteristicsThethreegeniusesofRenaissanceOverview14th–17thcenturiesculturalmovementEuropeanBeginninginItalyliterature,philosophyart,music,politics,science,religion,Origins13thcenturyItalyFlorencePeoplelosttheirfaithinthechurchandbegantoputmorefocusonhumanbeings
2、andmaterialpossessionsSocialandpoliticalstructuresinItalyTheuniquepoliticalstructuresoflateMiddleAgesItalyhaveledsometotheorizethatitsunusualsocialclimateallowedtheemergenceofarareculturalefflorescence.Italydidnotexistasapoliticalentityintheearlymodernperiod.Instead,itwasdividedintosmaller
3、citystatesandterritoriesBeginningoftheRenaissanceTheItalianRenaissancehadplacedhumanbeingsoncemoreinthecenteroflife'sstageandinfusedthoughtandartwithhumanisticvalues.IntimethestimulatingideascurrentinItalyspreadtootherareasandcombinedwithindigenousdevelopmentstoproduceaFrenchRenaissance,an
4、EnglishRenaissance,andsoon.WhytheRenaissanceemergedinItaly?It’sprosperoustradeandproductionofhandicraft.It’srichvarietyofurbansociallifecoincidingwiththeemergenceofmorecities.ThewealthofculturepasseddownfromtheartisticandarchitecturalheritageofRomeandthefourthwastheuseofLatinasacommonlangu
5、ageintheItaliansociety.CulturalconditionsinFlorenceIthaslongbeenamatterofdebatewhytheRenaissancebeganinFlorence,andnotelsewhereinItaly.ScholarshavenotedseveralfeaturesuniquetoFlorentineculturallifewhichmayhavecausedsuchaculturalmovement.Lorenzode'Medici,rulerofFlorenceandpatronofartsCharac
6、teristicsHumanismArtScienceWhytheRenaissancebeganinFlorenceManyhaveemphasizedtheroleplayedbytheMedici,abankingfamilyandlaterducalrulinghouse,inpatronizingandstimulatingthearts.Lorenzode'Medici(1449–1492)wasthecatalystforanenormousamountofartspatronage,encouraginghiscountrymentocommissionwo
7、rksfromFlorence'sleadingartists,includingLeonardodaVinci,SandroBotticelli,andMichelangeloBuonarroti.WorksbyNeridiBicci,SandroBotticelli,LeonardodaVinciandFilippinoLippihadbeencommissionedadditionallybytheconventdiSanDonatoagliScopetioftheAugustiniansorderinFlo