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1、复合句复合句的种类名词性从句形容词性从句(定语从句)副词性从句(状语从句)名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.引导词:1.从属连词:that,if,whether2.连接代词:who,what,which,whom,whose3.连接副词:when,where,how,why等.名词性从句引导词的特点除了三个从属连词外,连接代词和连接副词都在句中作成分,连接代词一般作主语,宾语和表语,连接副词作时间、地点、方式、原因状语.所有的引导词都具有连词特征,除了that在宾语从句中可以省略外,其他引导词一般不能省略.that引导名词性从句时不作成分,无意义,仅起引导作用
2、,在引导宾语从句时可省略,引导主语、表语和同位语从句时不能省略.that引导宾语从句时在以下情况下不能省略:eg.EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandthatTomwasfrightened.(and连接两个宾从,that宾从放在and的后面,不能省略.)Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.(作介词的宾语从句时that不能省略.)名词性从句难点1.语序和时态Eg.①Thequestion____hasbeenworryinghimrecently.A.whereistogoB.wheretogoC.wher
3、eishetogoD.wherehewastogo②Heaskedme______tobuildthisplant.A.howlongitwastakenB.howlongithadtakenC.howmuchtimedidittakeD.howmuchtimeitwastaken2.关联词的选择使用A)是that还是what?Eg.①Thequestioncameupatthemeeting___wehadnotenoughmoneytodotheresearch.A.whetherB.thatC.ifD.what②____wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan____weha
4、ve.A.What;thatB.What;whatC.That;thatD.That;what③Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublic____theydoanimportantjob.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which区别:that不作成分,无意义,仅起引导作用;what可作主语,宾语,表语,保留疑问词特征,本身有意义,相当于thething/fact/matterthat…,意为“所……的(东西或事情)B)whether还是ifEg.①Itdependson___hehasenoughmoney.A.ifB.weatherC.ifornotD.w
5、hether②___thesportsmeetwillbehelddependsontheweather.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That③Idon’tmind______theywillcome.A.ifornotB.whetherornotC.whetherornoD.iforno用whether或if引导名词性从句时,题干中往往出现表示“不肯定”概念的词语,如:notsure/certain,notknown/decided,…isstillaquestion,dependon等.两词引导宾语从句时可以互换,但下列情况一般只用whether:a.介词后的宾语从
6、句;b.引导主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句;c.后面出现ornot.注意:与not连用时只能用ifeg.Iwonderifhecannotdomeafavour.c).whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever的区别.Eg.①Giveitto_____youlike.A.whomB.whoeverC.whoD.when②Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever③I’llremember____theteach
7、erteachesus.A.thatB.nomatterwhatC.whateverD.nomatterwhichwhomever只作宾语;whatever﹦anythingthatwhoever﹦anyonewhowhomever﹦anyonewhomwhichever﹦anyonethat(强调某一范围中的任何一个)D)how,whenwhere,why的选择①Ihavenoidea___hewillco
