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1、Module3Interpersonalrelationships---friendshipGrammar动词-ing形式的完成式1.动词-ing的完成式是havingdone,表示一个已完成的动作,这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如:Havingworkedinthisschoolforsomanyyears,sheknowsitverywell.Havingfinishedhishomework,theboywentouttoplay.2.动词-ing完成式的被动式是havingbeendone,表示动作对于逻辑主语而言在意义上是被动的。如:Havingbeencheatedf
2、ormanytimes,shedoesn’tbelievehimanymore.Iheardofhishavingbeenchosentobethecoachoftheteam.3.动词-ing完成式的否定式是nothavingdone。如:Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexamagain.Rewritethesentences.BeginwiththewordHaving.1.AfterIhadbeentohishouseafewtimes,Istartedtogettoknowhisfamily.Havingbeentohish
3、ouseafewtimes,Istartedtogettoknowhisfamily.2.AfterIhadtalkedtohimforawhile,Istartedtolikehim.3.Becausewehadlivednextdoortothemforyears,weweresadwhenwehadtomovehouse.Havingtalkedtohimforawhile,Istartedtolikehim.Havinglivednextdoortothemforyears,weweresadwhenwehadtomovehouse.4.Afterwehadarguedallday,w
4、elaughedandagreedthatwehadbeenstupid.Havingarguedallday,welaughedandagreedthatwehadbeenstupid.动词的-ing形式和todo形式的区别有些动词既能接不定式,又能接-ing形式,含义有所不同。如:(1)forget,remember,regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作,而后接-ing形式作宾语表示动名词动作先于谓语动作。如:Doyourememberseeingmebefore?你记得以前见过我吗？Remembertolockthedoorwhenyouleave.离开时要记得锁门。(
5、2)动词mean,stop,try,goon等动词后面接动名词和接不定式作宾语,意思也有所不同。如:Imeantochangeitforanotherone.我想换成另外一个。Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时。(3)动词allow,advise,forbid,permit等可直接跟-ing形式作宾语,不可以接动词不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾语补足语。如:Pleasepermitmetosayafewwords.请允许我说几句话。Wedon’tpermitsmokinghere.我们这儿不允许吸烟。(4)动词ne
6、ed,require,want作"需要"解时,后面接-ing分词或不定式被动式。如:Theselittlechildrenrequirelookingaftercarefully/tobelookedaftercarefully.这些小孩需要细心地照料。(5)动词like,hate,prefer等后面,如表示一般性动作,多用-ing形式；如指特定的具体的某次动作,多用不定式。如:Ilikeswimming,butIdon’tliketoswimwithyou.我喜欢游泳,但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。Completethesentences.Puttheverbsintothe–ingformort
7、heinfinitivewithto.Remember________________(keepintouch)whenyougoaway.Emailme!Doyouremember_______(go)toschoolforthefirsttime?Didyoufeelshy?tokeepintouchgoing3.Ineverforget________(phone)myparentswhen
