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1、Chapter5FiguresofSpeech(1)MetaphorPersonificationSimileAnalogyIntroductionFiguresofSpeechDefinition:Figuresofspeecharerecognizedformsofrhetoricalexpressionthatdepartfromcustomaryconstruction,order,orsignificanceforthepurposeofachievingspecialeffectsormeanings,andthatconformtoc
2、ertainspecialclassification.--李亚丹《汉英辞格对比研究简编》辞格是人们在长期使用语言文字的过程中，逐步形成的具有特定方法，特定结构，特定功能，为语言使用者所公认，符合特定类聚系统要求的美化语言的言语模式。--李亚丹《汉英辞格对比研究简编》E.g.1.StarshinebrightlyintheskyStartwinklelikediamondsinthesky.2.Imperialismappearstobestrongbutinwardlyitisweak.Imperialismisapapertiger.These
3、condonethemorevividandcolorfulthanthefirstone.ThepurposeoflearningfiguresofspeechItishelpfultodeepenourunderstandingofwhatwereadtoappreciatemorefullythefinerpointsofawriter'sstyle.tolearntowritebetterourselves.5.1Simile5.1.1Definition:E.g.1.JimlookslikehisbrotherBilly.2.Jimand
4、Billyareaslikeastwopeas.1.ordinaryliteralcomparison,fora)wearecomparingtwolikeelements--JimandBillyarebothhumanbeings;b) wemeanJimisliterallylikehisbrotherinappearance.2.asimile,fora) Wearecomparingtwounlikeelements--humanbeingsandpeas;andb)wedon'tmeanJimandBillyareliterallyli
5、kepeas,butonlythattheyhaveonethingincommonwithpeas:greatsimilarityinappearance.DefinitionItisafigureofspeechwhichmakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelementshavingatleastonequalityorcharacteristicincommon.tomakethecomparison,wordslikeas,as...as,asifandlikeareusedtotransferthequali
6、tyweassociatewithonetotheother.marker:like,as,seem,asif,as…as,so…as,asitwere…….simile(明喻)用like等喻词联结两类不同的事物(主体和喻体)，以表明相似关系的比喻.---李鑫华《英语修辞格详论》Characteristicsofasimilea.tenor(本体);vehicle(喻体)b.tenorandvehiclebelongstototallydifferentthingsofdifferentproperties.c.tenorandvehiclehav
7、eonequalityincommon.d.similemarker(喻词)isusedtoconnecttenorandvehicle:like/as;Structure:(tenor)(similemarker)(vehicle)simile必须具备两个条件:一是本体、喻体和喻词三者缺一不可;二是喻词必须是like,as,asif,asthough等显性喻词。E.g.P171(1)(2)Ascoldwaterstoathirstysoul,soisgoodnewsfromafarcountry.MyluveislikearedredroseTh
8、at'snewlysprunginJune:o,myluveislikethemelodieThat'ssweetlypl
