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1、II.TextAnalysisAnessayisusuallymadeupofthreeparts:abeginningwherethetopicisintroduced;thebodypartwherethetopiciselaboratedon,andaconclusion.Besidesstatingthetopicdirectly,therearemanyotherwaystointroduceatheme.Inthistext,ananecdoteoranincidentisused.TheauthorofT
2、extA,Unit6,Book1(WhatAnimalsReallyThink)introduceshistopicbyposingaquestion:"Doanimalsallhavethoughts,whatwecallconsciousness?"TextB,Unit3,Book1(HowtoMakeSenseoutofScience)beginsbyquotingnewspaperheadlines:"NewDrugsKillCancerDevastationbyElNino--aWarning6:30p.m.
3、October26,2028:CouldThisBetheDeadlinefortheApocalypse?"TextBofthisunit,ChildrenandMoney,beginswithanimaginedargumentbetweenachildandhisparentoverthecontrolofpocketmoney.Discoverotherformsofintroductionasyoureadon.However,themoreimportantpointisthatyoushouldlearn
4、tovaryyourownwritingbyadoptingvarioustypesoftopicintroduction.Withoutaconclusion,anessaylacksasenseofcompleteness.Aconclusionmaybearestatementofthemainpointspreviouslymentioned,aproposedsolution,aquotationfromsomebookorperson,apredictionoffuturedevelopments,asug
5、gestionforfurtherstudy,etc.TextB,Unit3,Book1endsbygivingasimile,comparingscientificresearchtomountainclimbing,"aprocessfilledwithdisappointmentsandreverses,butsomehowwekeepmovingahead."Inthistext,HowardGardnermakesasuggestionintheformofaquestion.III.CulturalNote
6、s1.EducationintheWest:ThereisnocommonagreementintheWestconcerningthebestmethodofeducation.Avarietyofviewscanbefoundamongparents,teachersandstudents.Indeed,itmightbearguedthatitisthisveryexistenceofcontendingpointsofviewthatischaracteristicofWesterneducation.This
7、canbeseenasfarbackasintheworkoftheancientGreekphilosopherSocrates,whoencouragedhisstudentstoquestioneverything,eventheirmostfundamentalbeliefs.Yeteventhentherewasnogeneralagreementthatthiswasthebestwaytoteach.Socrates,afterall,wascondemnedtodeathbyhisfellowcitiz
8、ensforcorruptingthemoralsoftheyoungbyhiswayofteaching.ManylaterperiodsofWesternhistorywerenomoretolerantofencouragingstudentstochallengetraditionalbeliefs:Darwin'sthe
