被动语态的概念.doc

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1、1.被动语态的概念主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。Iwrotealettertomyfatherlastnight.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Aletterwaswrittentomyfatherbymelastnight.其相互转变的一般方式为Iwrotealettertomyfatherlastnight.Aletterwaswrittentomyfatherbymelastnight.2.被动语态的形式不同时态/情态基本形式一般现在时am/is/are+done一般过去时was/were+done一般将来时am/is/aregoingto/will/sha

2、ll+be+done含情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+done例句讲解（1）ThebestchocolateismadeinSwitzerland.最好的巧克力产在瑞士。（2）FasttrainsarefoundinFranceandJapan.法国和日本都有快速列车。（3）ManyvillagesandtownsinGuangxiProvincewerehitbythefloodaweekago.一周前，广西的许多村镇遭受洪水袭击。（4）Thetreeswereblowndownbythetyphoon.树被台风刮倒。（5）Hugeamountsofmoneywa

3、sstolenfromthebanklastnight.昨晚这家银行巨额现金被窃。（6）Theroadwillberepairedbynextweek.下个礼拜路会修好。（7）WillthecartoonbeshownonTVtonight?今晚上会放这卡通片吗？（8）Thephysicsproblemcanbesolvedinthreeways.这道物理题可以用三种方法解决。(9)Theclassroomshouldbecleanedeveryday.教室应该每天打扫。类比训练把下列句子改为被动语态（1）Cowsproducemilk.(答案：Milkisprodu

4、cedbycows.被动语态中如须交代动作发出者，可用介词by引出)（2）PeopleinmanycountriesspeakEnglish.(答案：Englishisspoken(bypeople)inmanycountries.bypeople省略为好，因为动作发出者不必交代，句意很明确，否则显累赘。)（3）Postmendeliverletters.(答案：Lettersaredeliveredbypostmen.句意为：信件由邮递员发送投递。)（4）Thefood________(被厨师烧焦了).(答案：wasburnedbythecook)（5）Thetra

5、fficcouldn’tmove___________(因为道路被雪封住了).(答案：becausetheroadwasblockedbysnow)（6）Theshirt_____________(按约翰的尺寸裁剪的),soitfitsJohnverywell.(答案：wascuttoJohn’ssize)（7）Therubbishbinisfull,andit_________(马上将被清空。)(答案：willbecleanedsoon)（8）Thisisveryurgent.____________(今天下午能完成吗？)(答案：Willitbedonethisaf

6、ternoon)（9）Thestudentscan’tworkoutthedifficultproblem.(答案：Thedifficultproblemcan’tbeworkedoutbythestudents.)（10）wemustobeythelaws.(答案：Thelawsmustbeobeyed.)3.被动语态中by的用法1）介词by后用宾格例句讲解（1）Shecleanstheschoolbagcarefully.(改为被动)她仔细清洗书包。Theschoolbagiscleanedbyhercarefully.(she的宾格是her)书包被她仔细地清洗。

7、（2）Janedividedthebooksintotwoparts.(改为被动)简把书分成了两堆。ThebooksweredividedintotwopartsbyJane.(Jane是名词，主宾格相同。)书被简分成了两堆。2）介词by在句中的位置例句讲解（1）MissLicorrectsthecompositionscarefully.（改为被动语态）MissLi仔细批改作文。ThecompositionsarecorrectedbyMissLicarefully./ThecompositionsarecorrectedcarefullybyMi